diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-table.tsx b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-table.tsx
index 21bb4863..a1d65c30 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-table.tsx
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-table.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { arrayMove } from "@dnd-kit/sortable";
 import { generateJitteredKeyBetween } from "fractional-indexing-jittered";
 import { useBaseQuery } from "@/features/base/queries/base-query";
+import { useBaseSocket } from "@/features/base/hooks/use-base-socket";
 import {
   useBaseRowsQuery,
   flattenRows,
@@ -26,6 +27,9 @@ type BaseTableProps = {
 
 export function BaseTable({ baseId }: BaseTableProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
+  // Subscribe to the base's realtime room so other clients' edits,
+  // schema changes, and async-job completions reconcile into our cache.
+  useBaseSocket(baseId);
   const { data: base, isLoading: baseLoading, error: baseError } = useBaseQuery(baseId);
 
   const [activeViewId, setActiveViewId] = useAtom(activeViewIdAtom) as unknown as [string | null, (val: string | null) => void];
@@ -36,10 +40,10 @@ export function BaseTable({ baseId }: BaseTableProps) {
     return views.find((v) => v.id === activeViewId) ?? views[0];
   }, [views, activeViewId]);
 
-  const activeFilters = activeView?.config?.filters;
+  const activeFilter = activeView?.config?.filter;
   const activeSorts = activeView?.config?.sorts;
   const { data: rowsData, isLoading: rowsLoading, fetchNextPage, hasNextPage, isFetchingNextPage } =
-    useBaseRowsQuery(baseId, activeFilters, activeSorts);
+    useBaseRowsQuery(baseId, activeFilter, activeSorts);
 
   const updateRowMutation = useUpdateRowMutation();
   const createRowMutation = useCreateRowMutation();
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-toolbar.tsx b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-toolbar.tsx
index e56a49e6..6990d7eb 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-toolbar.tsx
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/base-toolbar.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ import {
   IBaseRow,
   IBaseView,
   ViewSortConfig,
-  ViewFilterConfig,
+  FilterCondition,
+  FilterGroup,
 } from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
 import { useUpdateViewMutation } from "@/features/base/queries/base-view-query";
 import { ViewTabs } from "@/features/base/components/views/view-tabs";
@@ -54,7 +55,16 @@ export function BaseToolbar({
   const updateViewMutation = useUpdateViewMutation();
 
   const sorts = activeView?.config?.sorts ?? [];
-  const filters = activeView?.config?.filters ?? [];
+  // Stored view config uses the engine's filter tree. The popover edits
+  // an AND-only flat list; we unwrap the top-level group's children when
+  // reading and rewrap on save.
+  const conditions = useMemo<FilterCondition[]>(() => {
+    const filter = activeView?.config?.filter;
+    if (!filter || filter.op !== "and") return [];
+    return filter.children.filter(
+      (c): c is FilterCondition => !("children" in c),
+    );
+  }, [activeView?.config?.filter]);
 
   const hiddenFieldCount = useMemo(() => {
     const cols = table.getAllLeafColumns().filter((col) => col.id !== "__row_number");
@@ -74,12 +84,17 @@ export function BaseToolbar({
   );
 
   const handleFiltersChange = useCallback(
-    (newFilters: ViewFilterConfig[]) => {
+    (newConditions: FilterCondition[]) => {
       if (!activeView) return;
+      const filter: FilterGroup | undefined =
+        newConditions.length > 0
+          ? { op: "and", children: newConditions }
+          : undefined;
+      const { filter: _drop, ...rest } = activeView.config ?? {};
       updateViewMutation.mutate({
         viewId: activeView.id,
         baseId: base.id,
-        config: { ...activeView.config, filters: newFilters },
+        config: filter ? { ...rest, filter } : rest,
       });
     },
     [activeView, base.id, updateViewMutation],
@@ -99,7 +114,7 @@ export function BaseToolbar({
         <ViewFilterConfigPopover
           opened={filterOpened}
           onClose={() => setFilterOpened(false)}
-          filters={filters}
+          conditions={conditions}
           properties={base.properties}
           onChange={handleFiltersChange}
         >
@@ -107,11 +122,11 @@ export function BaseToolbar({
             <ActionIcon
               variant="subtle"
               size="sm"
-              color={filters.length > 0 ? "blue" : "gray"}
+              color={conditions.length > 0 ? "blue" : "gray"}
               onClick={() => openToolbar("filter")}
             >
               <IconFilter size={16} />
-              {filters.length > 0 && (
+              {conditions.length > 0 && (
                 <Badge
                   size="xs"
                   circle
@@ -127,7 +142,7 @@ export function BaseToolbar({
                     fontSize: 9,
                   }}
                 >
-                  {filters.length}
+                  {conditions.length}
                 </Badge>
               )}
             </ActionIcon>
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/grid/grid-header-cell.tsx b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/grid/grid-header-cell.tsx
index 9d54c80b..23220423 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/grid/grid-header-cell.tsx
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/grid/grid-header-cell.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import { memo, useCallback, useRef } from "react";
 import { Header, flexRender } from "@tanstack/react-table";
 import { useSortable } from "@dnd-kit/sortable";
 import { CSS } from "@dnd-kit/utilities";
-import { Popover } from "@mantine/core";
+import { Loader, Popover, Tooltip } from "@mantine/core";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { useAtom } from "jotai";
 import { IBaseRow, IBaseProperty, EditingCell } from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
 import { activePropertyMenuAtom, propertyMenuDirtyAtom, editingCellAtom } from "@/features/base/atoms/base-atoms";
@@ -49,12 +50,14 @@ type GridHeaderCellProps = {
 export const GridHeaderCell = memo(function GridHeaderCell({
   header,
 }: GridHeaderCellProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
   const property = header.column.columnDef.meta?.property as
     | IBaseProperty
     | undefined;
   const isRowNumber = header.column.id === "__row_number";
   const isPinned = header.column.getIsPinned();
   const pinOffset = isPinned ? header.column.getStart("left") : undefined;
+  const isConverting = !!property?.pendingType;
 
   const [activePropertyMenu, setActivePropertyMenu] = useAtom(activePropertyMenuAtom) as unknown as [string | null, (val: string | null) => void];
   const menuOpened = activePropertyMenu === header.column.id;
@@ -138,6 +141,20 @@ export const GridHeaderCell = memo(function GridHeaderCell({
           <span className={classes.headerCellName}>
             {flexRender(header.column.columnDef.header, header.getContext())}
           </span>
+          {isConverting && (
+            <Tooltip
+              label={t("Converting to {{type}}…", {
+                type: property?.pendingType,
+              })}
+              withArrow
+            >
+              <Loader
+                size={12}
+                color="gray"
+                className={classes.headerConvertingSpinner}
+              />
+            </Tooltip>
+          )}
         </div>
       )}
       {header.column.getCanResize() && (
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/views/view-filter-config.tsx b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/views/view-filter-config.tsx
index 44d211a1..412def29 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/components/views/view-filter-config.tsx
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/components/views/view-filter-config.tsx
@@ -13,61 +13,69 @@ import { IconPlus, IconTrash } from "@tabler/icons-react";
 import {
   IBaseProperty,
   SelectTypeOptions,
-  ViewFilterConfig,
-  ViewFilterOperator,
+  FilterCondition,
+  FilterOperator,
 } from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 
-const OPERATORS: { value: ViewFilterOperator; labelKey: string }[] = [
-  { value: "equals", labelKey: "Equals" },
-  { value: "notEquals", labelKey: "Not equals" },
+/*
+ * Operator metadata for the filter popover. Values use the server
+ * engine's operator set (`core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts`); labels are
+ * i18n-translated display strings.
+ */
+const OPERATORS: { value: FilterOperator; labelKey: string }[] = [
+  { value: "eq", labelKey: "Equals" },
+  { value: "neq", labelKey: "Not equals" },
   { value: "contains", labelKey: "Contains" },
-  { value: "notContains", labelKey: "Not contains" },
+  { value: "ncontains", labelKey: "Not contains" },
   { value: "isEmpty", labelKey: "Is empty" },
   { value: "isNotEmpty", labelKey: "Is not empty" },
-  { value: "greaterThan", labelKey: "Greater than" },
-  { value: "lessThan", labelKey: "Less than" },
+  { value: "gt", labelKey: "Greater than" },
+  { value: "lt", labelKey: "Less than" },
   { value: "before", labelKey: "Before" },
   { value: "after", labelKey: "After" },
+  { value: "any", labelKey: "Any of" },
+  { value: "none", labelKey: "None of" },
 ];
 
-const NO_VALUE_OPERATORS: ViewFilterOperator[] = ["isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+const NO_VALUE_OPERATORS: FilterOperator[] = ["isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
 
-function getOperatorsForType(type: string): ViewFilterOperator[] {
+function getOperatorsForType(type: string): FilterOperator[] {
   switch (type) {
     case "text":
     case "email":
     case "url":
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "contains", "notContains", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "neq", "contains", "ncontains", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "number":
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "greaterThan", "lessThan", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "neq", "gt", "lt", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "date":
     case "createdAt":
     case "lastEditedAt":
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "before", "after", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "neq", "before", "after", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "select":
     case "status":
+      return ["eq", "neq", "any", "none", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "multiSelect":
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["any", "none", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "checkbox":
-      return ["equals", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "person":
     case "lastEditedBy":
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "neq", "any", "none", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     case "file":
       return ["isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
     default:
-      return ["equals", "notEquals", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
+      return ["eq", "neq", "isEmpty", "isNotEmpty"];
   }
 }
 
 function FilterValueInput({
-  filter,
+  condition,
   property,
   onChange,
   t,
 }: {
-  filter: ViewFilterConfig;
+  condition: FilterCondition;
   property: IBaseProperty | undefined;
   onChange: (value: string) => void;
   t: (key: string) => string;
@@ -77,7 +85,7 @@ function FilterValueInput({
       <TextInput
         size="xs"
         placeholder={t("Value")}
-        value={(filter.value as string) ?? ""}
+        value={(condition.value as string) ?? ""}
         onChange={(e) => onChange(e.currentTarget.value)}
         w={100}
       />
@@ -94,7 +102,7 @@ function FilterValueInput({
       <Select
         size="xs"
         data={choiceOptions}
-        value={(filter.value as string) ?? null}
+        value={(condition.value as string) ?? null}
         onChange={(val) => onChange(val ?? "")}
         w={120}
         placeholder={t("Select")}
@@ -108,7 +116,7 @@ function FilterValueInput({
         size="xs"
         type="number"
         placeholder={t("Value")}
-        value={(filter.value as string) ?? ""}
+        value={(condition.value as string) ?? ""}
         onChange={(e) => onChange(e.currentTarget.value)}
         w={100}
       />
@@ -123,7 +131,7 @@ function FilterValueInput({
           { value: "true", label: t("True") },
           { value: "false", label: t("False") },
         ]}
-        value={(filter.value as string) ?? null}
+        value={(condition.value as string) ?? null}
         onChange={(val) => onChange(val ?? "")}
         w={100}
       />
@@ -134,7 +142,7 @@ function FilterValueInput({
     <TextInput
       size="xs"
       placeholder={t("Value")}
-      value={(filter.value as string) ?? ""}
+      value={(condition.value as string) ?? ""}
       onChange={(e) => onChange(e.currentTarget.value)}
       w={100}
     />
@@ -144,16 +152,16 @@ function FilterValueInput({
 type ViewFilterConfigProps = {
   opened: boolean;
   onClose: () => void;
-  filters: ViewFilterConfig[];
+  conditions: FilterCondition[];
   properties: IBaseProperty[];
-  onChange: (filters: ViewFilterConfig[]) => void;
+  onChange: (conditions: FilterCondition[]) => void;
   children: React.ReactNode;
 };
 
 export function ViewFilterConfigPopover({
   opened,
   onClose,
-  filters,
+  conditions,
   properties,
   onChange,
   children,
@@ -169,18 +177,20 @@ export function ViewFilterConfigPopover({
     const firstProperty = properties[0];
     if (!firstProperty) return;
     const validOperators = getOperatorsForType(firstProperty.type);
-    const defaultOperator = validOperators.includes("contains") ? "contains" : validOperators[0];
+    const defaultOperator = validOperators.includes("contains")
+      ? ("contains" as FilterOperator)
+      : validOperators[0];
     onChange([
-      ...filters,
-      { propertyId: firstProperty.id, operator: defaultOperator },
+      ...conditions,
+      { propertyId: firstProperty.id, op: defaultOperator },
     ]);
-  }, [filters, properties, onChange]);
+  }, [conditions, properties, onChange]);
 
   const handleRemove = useCallback(
     (index: number) => {
-      onChange(filters.filter((_, i) => i !== index));
+      onChange(conditions.filter((_, i) => i !== index));
     },
-    [filters, onChange],
+    [conditions, onChange],
   );
 
   const handlePropertyChange = useCallback(
@@ -188,15 +198,15 @@ export function ViewFilterConfigPopover({
       if (!propertyId) return;
       const newProperty = properties.find((p) => p.id === propertyId);
       onChange(
-        filters.map((f, i) => {
+        conditions.map((f, i) => {
           if (i !== index) return f;
           if (newProperty) {
             const validOperators = getOperatorsForType(newProperty.type);
-            const currentOperatorValid = validOperators.includes(f.operator);
+            const currentOperatorValid = validOperators.includes(f.op);
             return {
               ...f,
               propertyId,
-              operator: currentOperatorValid ? f.operator : validOperators[0],
+              op: currentOperatorValid ? f.op : validOperators[0],
               value: currentOperatorValid ? f.value : undefined,
             };
           }
@@ -204,38 +214,38 @@ export function ViewFilterConfigPopover({
         }),
       );
     },
-    [filters, properties, onChange],
+    [conditions, properties, onChange],
   );
 
   const handleOperatorChange = useCallback(
     (index: number, operator: string | null) => {
       if (!operator) return;
-      const op = operator as ViewFilterOperator;
+      const op = operator as FilterOperator;
       const needsValue = !NO_VALUE_OPERATORS.includes(op);
       onChange(
-        filters.map((f, i) =>
+        conditions.map((f, i) =>
           i === index
             ? {
                 ...f,
-                operator: op,
+                op,
                 value: needsValue ? f.value : undefined,
               }
             : f,
         ),
       );
     },
-    [filters, onChange],
+    [conditions, onChange],
   );
 
   const handleValueChange = useCallback(
     (index: number, value: string) => {
       onChange(
-        filters.map((f, i) =>
+        conditions.map((f, i) =>
           i === index ? { ...f, value: value || undefined } : f,
         ),
       );
     },
-    [filters, onChange],
+    [conditions, onChange],
   );
 
   return (
@@ -255,44 +265,46 @@ export function ViewFilterConfigPopover({
             {t("Filter by")}
           </Text>
 
-          {filters.length === 0 && (
+          {conditions.length === 0 && (
             <Text size="xs" c="dimmed">
               {t("No filters applied")}
             </Text>
           )}
 
-          {filters.map((filter, index) => {
-            const needsValue = !NO_VALUE_OPERATORS.includes(filter.operator);
-            const property = properties.find((p) => p.id === filter.propertyId);
+          {conditions.map((condition, index) => {
+            const needsValue = !NO_VALUE_OPERATORS.includes(condition.op);
+            const property = properties.find(
+              (p) => p.id === condition.propertyId,
+            );
             const validOperators = property
               ? getOperatorsForType(property.type)
               : OPERATORS.map((op) => op.value);
-            const operatorOptions = OPERATORS
-              .filter((op) => validOperators.includes(op.value))
-              .map((op) => ({
-                value: op.value,
-                label: t(op.labelKey),
-              }));
+            const operatorOptions = OPERATORS.filter((op) =>
+              validOperators.includes(op.value),
+            ).map((op) => ({
+              value: op.value,
+              label: t(op.labelKey),
+            }));
 
             return (
               <Group key={index} gap="xs" wrap="nowrap">
                 <Select
                   size="xs"
                   data={propertyOptions}
-                  value={filter.propertyId}
+                  value={condition.propertyId}
                   onChange={(val) => handlePropertyChange(index, val)}
                   style={{ flex: 1 }}
                 />
                 <Select
                   size="xs"
                   data={operatorOptions}
-                  value={filter.operator}
+                  value={condition.op}
                   onChange={(val) => handleOperatorChange(index, val)}
                   w={130}
                 />
                 {needsValue && (
                   <FilterValueInput
-                    filter={filter}
+                    condition={condition}
                     property={property}
                     onChange={(val) => handleValueChange(index, val)}
                     t={t}
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/hooks/use-base-socket.ts b/apps/client/src/features/base/hooks/use-base-socket.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b1dc0367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/hooks/use-base-socket.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+import { useEffect } from "react";
+import { useAtomValue } from "jotai";
+import { useQueryClient, InfiniteData } from "@tanstack/react-query";
+import { socketAtom } from "@/features/websocket/atoms/socket-atom";
+import {
+  IBaseProperty,
+  IBaseRow,
+  IBaseView,
+} from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
+import { IPagination } from "@/lib/types";
+
+type BaseRowCreated = {
+  operation: "base:row:created";
+  baseId: string;
+  row: IBaseRow;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+type BaseRowUpdated = {
+  operation: "base:row:updated";
+  baseId: string;
+  rowId: string;
+  updatedCells: Record<string, unknown>;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+type BaseRowDeleted = {
+  operation: "base:row:deleted";
+  baseId: string;
+  rowId: string;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+type BaseRowReordered = {
+  operation: "base:row:reordered";
+  baseId: string;
+  rowId: string;
+  position: string;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+type BasePropertyEvent = {
+  operation:
+    | "base:property:created"
+    | "base:property:updated"
+    | "base:property:deleted"
+    | "base:property:reordered";
+  baseId: string;
+  property?: IBaseProperty;
+  propertyId?: string;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+type BaseViewEvent = {
+  operation:
+    | "base:view:created"
+    | "base:view:updated"
+    | "base:view:deleted";
+  baseId: string;
+  view?: IBaseView;
+  viewId?: string;
+};
+
+type BaseSchemaBumped = {
+  operation: "base:schema:bumped";
+  baseId: string;
+  schemaVersion: number;
+};
+
+type BaseInboundEvent =
+  | BaseRowCreated
+  | BaseRowUpdated
+  | BaseRowDeleted
+  | BaseRowReordered
+  | BasePropertyEvent
+  | BaseViewEvent
+  | BaseSchemaBumped
+  | { operation: string; baseId: string };
+
+/*
+ * Module-level set of requestIds we've just sent to the server. When the
+ * socket echoes back the mutation as a `base:row:*` / `base:property:*`
+ * event with a matching `requestId`, the socket handler drops it because
+ * the local mutation already updated the cache. Bounded so it can't grow
+ * unbounded on a long-lived tab.
+ */
+const outboundRequestIds = new Set<string>();
+const OUTBOUND_MAX = 256;
+
+export function markRequestIdOutbound(requestId: string): void {
+  outboundRequestIds.add(requestId);
+  if (outboundRequestIds.size > OUTBOUND_MAX) {
+    const oldest = outboundRequestIds.values().next().value;
+    if (oldest) outboundRequestIds.delete(oldest);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Realtime bridge for a single base. Joins the server's `base-{baseId}`
+ * room on mount, leaves on unmount, and reconciles the React Query caches
+ * (`["base-rows", baseId, ...]` and `["bases", baseId]`) when events
+ * arrive from other clients.
+ */
+export function useBaseSocket(baseId: string | undefined): void {
+  const socket = useAtomValue(socketAtom);
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!socket || !baseId) return;
+
+    socket.emit("message", { operation: "base:subscribe", baseId });
+
+    const handler = (raw: unknown) => {
+      if (!raw || typeof raw !== "object") return;
+      const event = raw as BaseInboundEvent;
+      if (event.baseId !== baseId) return;
+
+      const requestId = (event as any).requestId as string | undefined;
+      if (requestId && outboundRequestIds.has(requestId)) {
+        outboundRequestIds.delete(requestId);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      switch (event.operation) {
+        case "base:row:created": {
+          queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId] });
+          break;
+        }
+        case "base:row:updated": {
+          const e = event as BaseRowUpdated;
+          queryClient.setQueriesData<InfiniteData<IPagination<IBaseRow>>>(
+            { queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId] },
+            (old) =>
+              !old
+                ? old
+                : {
+                    ...old,
+                    pages: old.pages.map((page) => ({
+                      ...page,
+                      items: page.items.map((row) =>
+                        row.id === e.rowId
+                          ? {
+                              ...row,
+                              cells: { ...row.cells, ...e.updatedCells },
+                            }
+                          : row,
+                      ),
+                    })),
+                  },
+          );
+          break;
+        }
+        case "base:row:deleted": {
+          const e = event as BaseRowDeleted;
+          queryClient.setQueriesData<InfiniteData<IPagination<IBaseRow>>>(
+            { queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId] },
+            (old) =>
+              !old
+                ? old
+                : {
+                    ...old,
+                    pages: old.pages.map((page) => ({
+                      ...page,
+                      items: page.items.filter((row) => row.id !== e.rowId),
+                    })),
+                  },
+          );
+          break;
+        }
+        case "base:row:reordered": {
+          const e = event as BaseRowReordered;
+          queryClient.setQueriesData<InfiniteData<IPagination<IBaseRow>>>(
+            { queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId] },
+            (old) =>
+              !old
+                ? old
+                : {
+                    ...old,
+                    pages: old.pages.map((page) => ({
+                      ...page,
+                      items: page.items.map((row) =>
+                        row.id === e.rowId
+                          ? { ...row, position: e.position }
+                          : row,
+                      ),
+                    })),
+                  },
+          );
+          break;
+        }
+        case "base:property:created":
+        case "base:property:updated":
+        case "base:property:deleted":
+        case "base:property:reordered":
+        case "base:view:created":
+        case "base:view:updated":
+        case "base:view:deleted": {
+          // Schema/metadata events touch `properties` / `views` on the
+          // base, not the cell data. The row cache only gets invalidated
+          // when a `base:schema:bumped` arrives (i.e. cells actually
+          // migrated) — otherwise a big-base conversion would trigger a
+          // serial refetch of every cached infinite-query page.
+          queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["bases", baseId] });
+          break;
+        }
+        case "base:schema:bumped": {
+          queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["bases", baseId] });
+          queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId] });
+          break;
+        }
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+    };
+
+    socket.on("message", handler);
+
+    return () => {
+      socket.off("message", handler);
+      socket.emit("message", { operation: "base:unsubscribe", baseId });
+    };
+  }, [socket, baseId, queryClient]);
+}
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-property-query.ts b/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-property-query.ts
index a4531ee8..c0a9c178 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-property-query.ts
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-property-query.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,13 @@ export function useUpdatePropertyMutation() {
         },
       );
 
-      if (result.conversionSummary || variables.type) {
+      // Invalidate rows only for the synchronous (inline) path — the
+      // HTTP response there is the "cells are migrated" signal. When the
+      // server hands back a `jobId`, cells are still being rewritten; the
+      // `base:schema:bumped` socket event is the canonical refetch
+      // trigger in that case, and we'd only churn pages with old data by
+      // refetching now.
+      if (variables.type && !result.jobId) {
         queryClient.invalidateQueries({
           queryKey: ["base-rows", variables.baseId],
         });
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-row-query.ts b/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-row-query.ts
index 29c3c471..c17f9be0 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-row-query.ts
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/queries/base-row-query.ts
@@ -16,41 +16,61 @@ import {
   UpdateRowInput,
   DeleteRowInput,
   ReorderRowInput,
-  ViewFilterConfig,
+  FilterNode,
+  SearchSpec,
   ViewSortConfig,
 } from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
 import { notifications } from "@mantine/notifications";
 import { queryClient } from "@/main";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { IPagination } from "@/lib/types";
+import { markRequestIdOutbound } from "@/features/base/hooks/use-base-socket";
 
 type RowCacheContext = {
   snapshots: [readonly unknown[], InfiniteData<IPagination<IBaseRow>> | undefined][];
 };
 
+// Generate a fresh requestId and pre-register it as outbound so the
+// incoming socket echo is suppressed by `useBaseSocket`.
+function newRequestId(): string {
+  const id =
+    typeof crypto !== "undefined" &&
+    typeof (crypto as any).randomUUID === "function"
+      ? (crypto as any).randomUUID()
+      : `${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 10)}`;
+  markRequestIdOutbound(id);
+  return id;
+}
+
 export function useBaseRowsQuery(
   baseId: string | undefined,
-  filters?: ViewFilterConfig[],
+  filter?: FilterNode,
   sorts?: ViewSortConfig[],
+  search?: SearchSpec,
 ) {
-  // Normalize empty arrays to undefined so query keys stay stable
-  const activeFilters = filters?.length ? filters : undefined;
+  const activeFilter = filter ?? undefined;
   const activeSorts = sorts?.length ? sorts : undefined;
+  const activeSearch = search?.query ? search : undefined;
 
   return useInfiniteQuery({
-    queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId, activeFilters, activeSorts],
+    queryKey: ["base-rows", baseId, activeFilter, activeSorts, activeSearch],
     queryFn: ({ pageParam }) =>
       listRows(baseId!, {
         cursor: pageParam,
         limit: 100,
-        filters: activeFilters,
+        filter: activeFilter,
         sorts: activeSorts,
+        search: activeSearch,
       }),
     enabled: !!baseId,
     initialPageParam: undefined as string | undefined,
     getNextPageParam: (lastPage: IPagination<IBaseRow>) =>
       lastPage.meta?.nextCursor ?? undefined,
     staleTime: 5 * 60 * 1000,
+    // Cap cached pages so an invalidate after a type-conversion refetches
+    // a bounded set instead of serially re-requesting every page the user
+    // has ever scrolled through.
+    maxPages: 5,
   });
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +84,7 @@ export function flattenRows(
 export function useCreateRowMutation() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   return useMutation<IBaseRow, Error, CreateRowInput>({
-    mutationFn: (data) => createRow(data),
+    mutationFn: (data) => createRow({ ...data, requestId: newRequestId() }),
     onSuccess: (newRow) => {
       queryClient.setQueriesData<InfiniteData<IPagination<IBaseRow>>>(
         { queryKey: ["base-rows", newRow.baseId] },
@@ -95,7 +115,7 @@ export function useCreateRowMutation() {
 export function useUpdateRowMutation() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   return useMutation<IBaseRow, Error, UpdateRowInput, RowCacheContext>({
-    mutationFn: (data) => updateRow(data),
+    mutationFn: (data) => updateRow({ ...data, requestId: newRequestId() }),
     onMutate: async (variables) => {
       await queryClient.cancelQueries({
         queryKey: ["base-rows", variables.baseId],
@@ -164,7 +184,7 @@ export function useUpdateRowMutation() {
 export function useDeleteRowMutation() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   return useMutation<void, Error, DeleteRowInput, RowCacheContext>({
-    mutationFn: (data) => deleteRow(data),
+    mutationFn: (data) => deleteRow({ ...data, requestId: newRequestId() }),
     onMutate: async (variables) => {
       await queryClient.cancelQueries({
         queryKey: ["base-rows", variables.baseId],
@@ -207,7 +227,7 @@ export function useDeleteRowMutation() {
 export function useReorderRowMutation() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   return useMutation<void, Error, ReorderRowInput, RowCacheContext>({
-    mutationFn: (data) => reorderRow(data),
+    mutationFn: (data) => reorderRow({ ...data, requestId: newRequestId() }),
     onMutate: async (variables) => {
       await queryClient.cancelQueries({
         queryKey: ["base-rows", variables.baseId],
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/services/base-service.ts b/apps/client/src/features/base/services/base-service.ts
index 414ef768..ea683d1f 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/services/base-service.ts
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/services/base-service.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ import {
   UpdateViewInput,
   DeleteViewInput,
   UpdatePropertyResult,
-  ViewFilterConfig,
+  FilterNode,
+  SearchSpec,
   ViewSortConfig,
 } from "@/features/base/types/base.types";
 import { IPagination } from "@/lib/types";
@@ -111,8 +112,9 @@ export async function listRows(
     viewId?: string;
     cursor?: string;
     limit?: number;
-    filters?: ViewFilterConfig[];
+    filter?: FilterNode;
     sorts?: ViewSortConfig[];
+    search?: SearchSpec;
   },
 ): Promise<IPagination<IBaseRow>> {
   const req = await api.post("/bases/rows/list", { baseId, ...params });
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/styles/grid.module.css b/apps/client/src/features/base/styles/grid.module.css
index a7572889..a9597713 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/styles/grid.module.css
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/styles/grid.module.css
@@ -77,6 +77,11 @@
   color: light-dark(var(--mantine-color-gray-5), var(--mantine-color-dark-3));
 }
 
+.headerConvertingSpinner {
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
 .resizeHandle {
   position: absolute;
   right: 0;
diff --git a/apps/client/src/features/base/types/base.types.ts b/apps/client/src/features/base/types/base.types.ts
index bbc58868..a31e4578 100644
--- a/apps/client/src/features/base/types/base.types.ts
+++ b/apps/client/src/features/base/types/base.types.ts
@@ -81,6 +81,11 @@ export type IBaseProperty = {
   type: BasePropertyType;
   position: string;
   typeOptions: TypeOptions;
+  // Set while a background type-conversion job is rewriting cells. The
+  // live `type` stays on the old kind until the job commits, so cells
+  // render correctly; the column header shows a "Converting…" badge.
+  pendingType?: BasePropertyType | null;
+  pendingTypeOptions?: TypeOptions | null;
   isPrimary: boolean;
   workspaceId: string;
   createdAt: string;
@@ -104,27 +109,49 @@ export type ViewSortConfig = {
   direction: 'asc' | 'desc';
 };
 
-export type ViewFilterOperator =
-  | 'equals'
-  | 'notEquals'
+// Matches the server's engine operator set (core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts).
+export type FilterOperator =
+  | 'eq'
+  | 'neq'
+  | 'gt'
+  | 'gte'
+  | 'lt'
+  | 'lte'
   | 'contains'
-  | 'notContains'
+  | 'ncontains'
+  | 'startsWith'
+  | 'endsWith'
   | 'isEmpty'
   | 'isNotEmpty'
-  | 'greaterThan'
-  | 'lessThan'
   | 'before'
-  | 'after';
+  | 'after'
+  | 'onOrBefore'
+  | 'onOrAfter'
+  | 'any'
+  | 'none'
+  | 'all';
 
-export type ViewFilterConfig = {
+export type FilterCondition = {
   propertyId: string;
-  operator: ViewFilterOperator;
+  op: FilterOperator;
   value?: unknown;
 };
 
+export type FilterGroup = {
+  op: 'and' | 'or';
+  children: Array<FilterCondition | FilterGroup>;
+};
+
+export type FilterNode = FilterCondition | FilterGroup;
+
+export type SearchSpec = {
+  query: string;
+  mode?: 'trgm' | 'fts';
+};
+
 export type ViewConfig = {
   sorts?: ViewSortConfig[];
-  filters?: ViewFilterConfig[];
+  filter?: FilterGroup;
   visiblePropertyIds?: string[];
   hiddenPropertyIds?: string[];
   propertyWidths?: Record<string, number>;
@@ -183,6 +210,7 @@ export type CreatePropertyInput = {
   name: string;
   type: BasePropertyType;
   typeOptions?: TypeOptions;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type UpdatePropertyInput = {
@@ -191,40 +219,47 @@ export type UpdatePropertyInput = {
   name?: string;
   type?: BasePropertyType;
   typeOptions?: TypeOptions;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type DeletePropertyInput = {
   propertyId: string;
   baseId: string;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type ReorderPropertyInput = {
   propertyId: string;
   baseId: string;
   position: string;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type CreateRowInput = {
   baseId: string;
   cells?: Record<string, unknown>;
   afterRowId?: string;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type UpdateRowInput = {
   rowId: string;
   baseId: string;
   cells: Record<string, unknown>;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type DeleteRowInput = {
   rowId: string;
   baseId: string;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type ReorderRowInput = {
   rowId: string;
   baseId: string;
   position: string;
+  requestId?: string;
 };
 
 export type CreateViewInput = {
@@ -247,13 +282,11 @@ export type DeleteViewInput = {
   baseId: string;
 };
 
-export type ConversionSummary = {
-  converted: number;
-  cleared: number;
-  total: number;
-};
-
 export type UpdatePropertyResult = {
   property: IBaseProperty;
-  conversionSummary: ConversionSummary | null;
+  // Non-null when the property change kicked off a BullMQ type-conversion
+  // job (select/multiSelect/person/file → anything, or any → system type).
+  // Client can listen for `base:schema:bumped` on the base room to know
+  // when the job finished migrating cells.
+  jobId: string | null;
 };
diff --git a/apps/server/src/common/events/event.contants.ts b/apps/server/src/common/events/event.contants.ts
index c766fe59..8e084f9f 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/common/events/event.contants.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/common/events/event.contants.ts
@@ -15,4 +15,25 @@ export enum EventName {
   WORKSPACE_CREATED = 'workspace.created',
   WORKSPACE_UPDATED = 'workspace.updated',
   WORKSPACE_DELETED = 'workspace.deleted',
+
+  BASE_CREATED = 'base.created',
+  BASE_UPDATED = 'base.updated',
+  BASE_DELETED = 'base.deleted',
+
+  BASE_ROW_CREATED = 'base.row.created',
+  BASE_ROW_UPDATED = 'base.row.updated',
+  BASE_ROW_DELETED = 'base.row.deleted',
+  BASE_ROW_RESTORED = 'base.row.restored',
+  BASE_ROW_REORDERED = 'base.row.reordered',
+
+  BASE_PROPERTY_CREATED = 'base.property.created',
+  BASE_PROPERTY_UPDATED = 'base.property.updated',
+  BASE_PROPERTY_DELETED = 'base.property.deleted',
+  BASE_PROPERTY_REORDERED = 'base.property.reordered',
+
+  BASE_VIEW_CREATED = 'base.view.created',
+  BASE_VIEW_UPDATED = 'base.view.updated',
+  BASE_VIEW_DELETED = 'base.view.deleted',
+
+  BASE_SCHEMA_BUMPED = 'base.schema.bumped',
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/base.module.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/base.module.ts
index 13e2f8e6..5cb3fae9 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/base.module.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/base.module.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { BullModule } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
 import { BaseController } from './controllers/base.controller';
 import { BasePropertyController } from './controllers/base-property.controller';
 import { BaseRowController } from './controllers/base-row.controller';
@@ -7,15 +8,37 @@ import { BaseService } from './services/base.service';
 import { BasePropertyService } from './services/base-property.service';
 import { BaseRowService } from './services/base-row.service';
 import { BaseViewService } from './services/base-view.service';
+import { BaseQueueProcessor } from './processors/base-queue.processor';
+import { BaseWsService } from './realtime/base-ws.service';
+import { BaseWsConsumers } from './realtime/base-ws-consumers';
+import { BasePresenceService } from './realtime/base-presence.service';
+import { QueueName } from '../../integrations/queue/constants';
 
 @Module({
+  imports: [BullModule.registerQueue({ name: QueueName.BASE_QUEUE })],
   controllers: [
     BaseController,
     BasePropertyController,
     BaseRowController,
     BaseViewController,
   ],
-  providers: [BaseService, BasePropertyService, BaseRowService, BaseViewService],
-  exports: [BaseService, BasePropertyService, BaseRowService, BaseViewService],
+  providers: [
+    BaseService,
+    BasePropertyService,
+    BaseRowService,
+    BaseViewService,
+    BaseQueueProcessor,
+    BasePresenceService,
+    BaseWsService,
+    BaseWsConsumers,
+  ],
+  exports: [
+    BaseService,
+    BasePropertyService,
+    BaseRowService,
+    BaseViewService,
+    BaseWsService,
+    BasePresenceService,
+  ],
 })
 export class BaseModule {}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/base.schemas.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/base.schemas.ts
index 86522878..ab063121 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/base.schemas.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/base.schemas.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export type BasePropertyTypeValue =
 export const BASE_PROPERTY_TYPES = Object.values(BasePropertyType);
 
 export const choiceSchema = z.object({
-  id: z.string().uuid(),
+  id: z.uuid(),
   name: z.string().min(1),
   color: z.string(),
   category: z.enum(['todo', 'inProgress', 'complete']).optional(),
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ export const choiceSchema = z.object({
 export const selectTypeOptionsSchema = z
   .object({
     choices: z.array(choiceSchema).default([]),
-    choiceOrder: z.array(z.string().uuid()).default([]),
+    choiceOrder: z.array(z.uuid()).default([]),
     disableColors: z.boolean().optional(),
     defaultValue: z
-      .union([z.string().uuid(), z.array(z.string().uuid())])
+      .union([z.uuid(), z.array(z.uuid())])
       .nullable()
       .optional(),
   })
@@ -147,21 +147,21 @@ export function parseTypeOptions(
 const cellValueSchemaMap: Partial<Record<BasePropertyTypeValue, z.ZodType>> = {
   [BasePropertyType.TEXT]: z.string(),
   [BasePropertyType.NUMBER]: z.number(),
-  [BasePropertyType.SELECT]: z.string().uuid(),
-  [BasePropertyType.STATUS]: z.string().uuid(),
-  [BasePropertyType.MULTI_SELECT]: z.array(z.string().uuid()),
+  [BasePropertyType.SELECT]: z.uuid(),
+  [BasePropertyType.STATUS]: z.uuid(),
+  [BasePropertyType.MULTI_SELECT]: z.array(z.uuid()),
   [BasePropertyType.DATE]: z.string(),
-  [BasePropertyType.PERSON]: z.union([z.string().uuid(), z.array(z.string().uuid())]),
+  [BasePropertyType.PERSON]: z.union([z.uuid(), z.array(z.uuid())]),
   [BasePropertyType.FILE]: z.array(z.object({
-    id: z.string().uuid(),
+    id: z.uuid(),
     fileName: z.string(),
     mimeType: z.string().optional(),
     fileSize: z.number().optional(),
     filePath: z.string().optional(),
   })),
   [BasePropertyType.CHECKBOX]: z.boolean(),
-  [BasePropertyType.URL]: z.string().url(),
-  [BasePropertyType.EMAIL]: z.string().email(),
+  [BasePropertyType.URL]: z.url(),
+  [BasePropertyType.EMAIL]: z.email(),
 };
 
 export function getCellValueSchema(
@@ -181,15 +181,83 @@ export function validateCellValue(
   return schema.safeParse(value);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Resolution context for conversions where the source type stores IDs
+ * (select / multiSelect: choice uuid; person: user uuid; file: attachment
+ * uuid). Callers must always supply this — the only invoker is the
+ * `BASE_TYPE_CONVERSION` BullMQ worker, which builds the context per
+ * chunk of rows (see `tasks/base-type-conversion.task.ts`).
+ */
+export type CellConversionContext = {
+  fromTypeOptions?: unknown;
+  userNames?: Map<string, string>;
+  attachmentNames?: Map<string, string>;
+};
+
+function resolveChoiceName(
+  typeOptions: unknown,
+  id: unknown,
+): string | undefined {
+  if (!typeOptions || typeof typeOptions !== 'object') return undefined;
+  const choices = (typeOptions as any).choices;
+  if (!Array.isArray(choices)) return undefined;
+  const match = choices.find((c: any) => c?.id === String(id));
+  return typeof match?.name === 'string' ? match.name : undefined;
+}
+
 export function attemptCellConversion(
   fromType: BasePropertyTypeValue,
   toType: BasePropertyTypeValue,
   value: unknown,
+  ctx: CellConversionContext,
 ): { converted: boolean; value: unknown } {
   if (value === null || value === undefined) {
     return { converted: true, value: null };
   }
 
+  // Resolve IDs to display strings before any direct parse. `select → text`
+  // and `multiSelect → text` would otherwise short-circuit on z.string()
+  // parsing the UUID itself and return the raw UUID instead of the name.
+  if (toType === BasePropertyType.TEXT) {
+    if (
+      fromType === BasePropertyType.SELECT ||
+      fromType === BasePropertyType.STATUS
+    ) {
+      const name = resolveChoiceName(ctx.fromTypeOptions, value);
+      return { converted: true, value: name ?? '' };
+    }
+    if (fromType === BasePropertyType.MULTI_SELECT && Array.isArray(value)) {
+      const parts = value
+        .map((v) => resolveChoiceName(ctx.fromTypeOptions, v))
+        .filter((v): v is string => typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0);
+      return { converted: true, value: parts.join(', ') };
+    }
+    if (fromType === BasePropertyType.PERSON && ctx.userNames) {
+      const ids = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+      const parts = ids
+        .map((v) => ctx.userNames!.get(String(v)))
+        .filter((v): v is string => typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0);
+      return { converted: true, value: parts.join(', ') };
+    }
+    if (fromType === BasePropertyType.FILE && Array.isArray(value)) {
+      const parts = value
+        .map((f: any) => {
+          if (f && typeof f === 'object') {
+            if (typeof f.fileName === 'string') return f.fileName;
+            if (typeof f.id === 'string' && ctx.attachmentNames) {
+              return ctx.attachmentNames.get(f.id);
+            }
+          }
+          if (typeof f === 'string' && ctx.attachmentNames) {
+            return ctx.attachmentNames.get(f);
+          }
+          return undefined;
+        })
+        .filter((v): v is string => typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0);
+      return { converted: true, value: parts.join(', ') };
+    }
+  }
+
   const targetSchema = cellValueSchemaMap[toType];
   if (!targetSchema) {
     return { converted: false, value: null };
@@ -247,35 +315,66 @@ export function attemptCellConversion(
 }
 
 export const viewSortSchema = z.object({
-  propertyId: z.string().uuid(),
+  propertyId: z.uuid(),
   direction: z.enum(['asc', 'desc']),
 });
 
-export const viewFilterSchema = z.object({
-  propertyId: z.string().uuid(),
-  operator: z.enum([
-    'equals',
-    'notEquals',
+/*
+ * View-stored filter shape matches the engine's predicate tree (see
+ * `core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts`). No legacy flat-array / operator-name
+ * variants are accepted — stored view configs use `op` (eq / neq / gt /
+ * lt / contains / ncontains / ...) and nested and/or groups.
+ */
+const viewFilterConditionSchema = z.object({
+  propertyId: z.uuid(),
+  op: z.enum([
+    'eq',
+    'neq',
+    'gt',
+    'gte',
+    'lt',
+    'lte',
     'contains',
-    'notContains',
+    'ncontains',
+    'startsWith',
+    'endsWith',
     'isEmpty',
     'isNotEmpty',
-    'greaterThan',
-    'lessThan',
     'before',
     'after',
+    'onOrBefore',
+    'onOrAfter',
+    'any',
+    'none',
+    'all',
   ]),
   value: z.unknown().optional(),
 });
 
+type ViewFilterCondition = z.infer<typeof viewFilterConditionSchema>;
+type ViewFilterGroup = {
+  op: 'and' | 'or';
+  children: Array<ViewFilterCondition | ViewFilterGroup>;
+};
+
+const viewFilterNodeSchema: z.ZodType<ViewFilterCondition | ViewFilterGroup> =
+  z.lazy(() => z.union([viewFilterConditionSchema, viewFilterGroupSchema]));
+
+const viewFilterGroupSchema: z.ZodType<ViewFilterGroup> = z.lazy(() =>
+  z.object({
+    op: z.enum(['and', 'or']),
+    children: z.array(viewFilterNodeSchema),
+  }),
+);
+
 export const viewConfigSchema = z
   .object({
     sorts: z.array(viewSortSchema).optional(),
-    filters: z.array(viewFilterSchema).optional(),
-    visiblePropertyIds: z.array(z.string().uuid()).optional(),
-    hiddenPropertyIds: z.array(z.string().uuid()).optional(),
+    filter: viewFilterGroupSchema.optional(),
+    visiblePropertyIds: z.array(z.uuid()).optional(),
+    hiddenPropertyIds: z.array(z.uuid()).optional(),
     propertyWidths: z.record(z.string(), z.number().positive()).optional(),
-    propertyOrder: z.array(z.string().uuid()).optional(),
+    propertyOrder: z.array(z.uuid()).optional(),
   })
   .passthrough();
 
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-property.controller.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-property.controller.ts
index 1b04d1ef..7f5c9dd8 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-property.controller.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-property.controller.ts
@@ -52,12 +52,16 @@ export class BasePropertyController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    return this.basePropertyService.create(workspace.id, dto);
+    return this.basePropertyService.create(workspace.id, dto, user.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('update')
-  async update(@Body() dto: UpdatePropertyDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async update(
+    @Body() dto: UpdatePropertyDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -68,12 +72,16 @@ export class BasePropertyController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    return this.basePropertyService.update(dto);
+    return this.basePropertyService.update(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('delete')
-  async delete(@Body() dto: DeletePropertyDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async delete(
+    @Body() dto: DeletePropertyDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -84,12 +92,16 @@ export class BasePropertyController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    await this.basePropertyService.delete(dto);
+    await this.basePropertyService.delete(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('reorder')
-  async reorder(@Body() dto: ReorderPropertyDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async reorder(
+    @Body() dto: ReorderPropertyDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -100,6 +112,6 @@ export class BasePropertyController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    await this.basePropertyService.reorder(dto);
+    await this.basePropertyService.reorder(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-row.controller.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-row.controller.ts
index b65d6060..e3759a45 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-row.controller.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-row.controller.ts
@@ -60,58 +60,10 @@ export class BaseRowController {
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('info')
-  async getRow(@Body() dto: RowIdDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
-    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
-    if (!base) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
-    }
-
-    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
-    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Read, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
-      throw new ForbiddenException();
-    }
-
-    return this.baseRowService.getRowInfo(dto.rowId, dto.baseId);
-  }
-
-  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
-  @Post('update')
-  async update(@Body() dto: UpdateRowDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
-    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
-    if (!base) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
-    }
-
-    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
-    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Edit, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
-      throw new ForbiddenException();
-    }
-
-    return this.baseRowService.update(dto, user.id);
-  }
-
-  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
-  @Post('delete')
-  async delete(@Body() dto: DeleteRowDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
-    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
-    if (!base) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
-    }
-
-    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
-    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Edit, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
-      throw new ForbiddenException();
-    }
-
-    await this.baseRowService.delete(dto.rowId, dto.baseId);
-  }
-
-  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
-  @Post('list')
-  async list(
-    @Body() dto: ListRowsDto,
-    @Body() pagination: PaginationOptions,
+  async getRow(
+    @Body() dto: RowIdDto,
     @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
   ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
@@ -123,12 +75,16 @@ export class BaseRowController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    return this.baseRowService.list(dto, pagination);
+    return this.baseRowService.getRowInfo(dto.rowId, dto.baseId, workspace.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
-  @Post('reorder')
-  async reorder(@Body() dto: ReorderRowDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  @Post('update')
+  async update(
+    @Body() dto: UpdateRowDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -139,6 +95,67 @@ export class BaseRowController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    await this.baseRowService.reorder(dto);
+    return this.baseRowService.update(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
+  }
+
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
+  @Post('delete')
+  async delete(
+    @Body() dto: DeleteRowDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
+    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
+    if (!base) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
+    }
+
+    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
+    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Edit, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
+      throw new ForbiddenException();
+    }
+
+    await this.baseRowService.delete(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
+  }
+
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
+  @Post('list')
+  async list(
+    @Body() dto: ListRowsDto,
+    @Body() pagination: PaginationOptions,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
+    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
+    if (!base) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
+    }
+
+    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
+    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Read, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
+      throw new ForbiddenException();
+    }
+
+    return this.baseRowService.list(dto, pagination, workspace.id);
+  }
+
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
+  @Post('reorder')
+  async reorder(
+    @Body() dto: ReorderRowDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
+    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
+    if (!base) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
+    }
+
+    const ability = await this.spaceAbility.createForUser(user, base.spaceId);
+    if (ability.cannot(SpaceCaslAction.Edit, SpaceCaslSubject.Base)) {
+      throw new ForbiddenException();
+    }
+
+    await this.baseRowService.reorder(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-view.controller.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-view.controller.ts
index 28159a74..e401fee3 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-view.controller.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/controllers/base-view.controller.ts
@@ -54,7 +54,11 @@ export class BaseViewController {
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('update')
-  async update(@Body() dto: UpdateViewDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async update(
+    @Body() dto: UpdateViewDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -65,12 +69,16 @@ export class BaseViewController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    return this.baseViewService.update(dto);
+    return this.baseViewService.update(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('delete')
-  async delete(@Body() dto: DeleteViewDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async delete(
+    @Body() dto: DeleteViewDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -81,12 +89,16 @@ export class BaseViewController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    await this.baseViewService.delete(dto);
+    await this.baseViewService.delete(dto, workspace.id, user.id);
   }
 
   @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
   @Post('list')
-  async list(@Body() dto: BaseIdDto, @AuthUser() user: User) {
+  async list(
+    @Body() dto: BaseIdDto,
+    @AuthUser() user: User,
+    @AuthWorkspace() workspace: Workspace,
+  ) {
     const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(dto.baseId);
     if (!base) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Base not found');
@@ -97,6 +109,6 @@ export class BaseViewController {
       throw new ForbiddenException();
     }
 
-    return this.baseViewService.listByBaseId(dto.baseId);
+    return this.baseViewService.listByBaseId(dto.baseId, workspace.id);
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/create-row.dto.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/create-row.dto.ts
index 875b9c72..d2b4dd53 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/create-row.dto.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/create-row.dto.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ export class CreateRowDto {
   cells?: Record<string, unknown>;
 
   @IsOptional()
-  @IsString()
+  @IsUUID()
   afterRowId?: string;
+
+  // Echoed back in the socket event so the originating client can skip
+  // replaying its own write.
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-property.dto.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-property.dto.ts
index 4088dfde..f94bfd52 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-property.dto.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-property.dto.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ export class UpdatePropertyDto {
   @IsOptional()
   @IsObject()
   typeOptions?: Record<string, unknown>;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
 
 export class DeletePropertyDto {
@@ -35,6 +39,10 @@ export class DeletePropertyDto {
 
   @IsUUID()
   baseId: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
 
 export class ReorderPropertyDto {
@@ -47,4 +55,8 @@ export class ReorderPropertyDto {
   @IsString()
   @IsNotEmpty()
   position: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-row.dto.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-row.dto.ts
index 095fe7a3..55368791 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-row.dto.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/dto/update-row.dto.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,16 @@
-import { IsNotEmpty, IsObject, IsOptional, IsString, IsUUID, IsArray, ValidateNested } from 'class-validator';
+import {
+  IsIn,
+  IsNotEmpty,
+  IsObject,
+  IsOptional,
+  IsString,
+  IsUUID,
+  IsArray,
+  ValidateNested,
+} from 'class-validator';
 import { Type } from 'class-transformer';
+// `filter` / `search` shapes are validated by the engine's Zod schemas
+// at the service boundary (`core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts`).
 
 export class UpdateRowDto {
   @IsUUID()
@@ -10,6 +21,10 @@ export class UpdateRowDto {
 
   @IsObject()
   cells: Record<string, unknown>;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
 
 export class DeleteRowDto {
@@ -18,6 +33,10 @@ export class DeleteRowDto {
 
   @IsUUID()
   baseId: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
 
 export class RowIdDto {
@@ -28,25 +47,12 @@ export class RowIdDto {
   baseId: string;
 }
 
-class FilterDto {
-  @IsUUID()
-  propertyId: string;
-
-  @IsString()
-  @IsNotEmpty()
-  operator: string;
-
-  @IsOptional()
-  value?: unknown;
-}
-
 class SortDto {
   @IsUUID()
   propertyId: string;
 
-  @IsString()
-  @IsNotEmpty()
-  direction: string;
+  @IsIn(['asc', 'desc'])
+  direction: 'asc' | 'desc';
 }
 
 export class ListRowsDto {
@@ -57,17 +63,22 @@ export class ListRowsDto {
   @IsUUID()
   viewId?: string;
 
+  // Compound filter tree. Shape validated by the engine's Zod schema at
+  // the service boundary.
   @IsOptional()
-  @IsArray()
-  @ValidateNested({ each: true })
-  @Type(() => FilterDto)
-  filters?: FilterDto[];
+  @IsObject()
+  filter?: unknown;
 
   @IsOptional()
   @IsArray()
   @ValidateNested({ each: true })
   @Type(() => SortDto)
   sorts?: SortDto[];
+
+  // `{ query, mode? }` — Zod-validated at the service boundary.
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsObject()
+  search?: unknown;
 }
 
 export class ReorderRowDto {
@@ -80,4 +91,8 @@ export class ReorderRowDto {
   @IsString()
   @IsNotEmpty()
   position: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  requestId?: string;
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/cursor.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/cursor.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..254e3327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/cursor.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+import { BadRequestException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { SortBuild, TailKey } from './sort';
+
+type ValueType = 'numeric' | 'date' | 'bool' | 'text';
+
+// Hard cap on decoded cursor size so a tampered cursor can't force a large
+// JSON parse. Real cursors are <1KB (a handful of field values).
+const MAX_CURSOR_DECODED_BYTES = 4096;
+
+/*
+ * Null-safe cursor encoder. The previous encoder used a literal string
+ * sentinel `__null__` for NULLs, which could collide with real cell
+ * values. This encoder never sees NULL because sort expressions are
+ * sentinel-wrapped (see sort.ts). It also represents ±Infinity
+ * explicitly so JSON round-tripping is lossless.
+ */
+
+export function makeCursor(sorts: SortBuild[], tailKeys: TailKey[]) {
+  const types = new Map<string, ValueType>();
+  for (const s of sorts) types.set(s.key, s.valueType);
+  for (const k of tailKeys) types.set(k, 'text');
+
+  return {
+    encodeCursor(values: Array<[string, unknown]>): string {
+      const payload: Record<string, string> = {};
+      for (const [k, v] of values) {
+        payload[k] = encodeValue(v, types.get(k) ?? 'text');
+      }
+      return Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload), 'utf8').toString('base64url');
+    },
+
+    decodeCursor(
+      cursor: string,
+      fieldNames: string[],
+    ): Record<string, string> {
+      let parsed: Record<string, string>;
+      try {
+        parsed = JSON.parse(
+          Buffer.from(cursor, 'base64url').toString('utf8'),
+        );
+      } catch {
+        throw new BadRequestException('Invalid cursor');
+      }
+      if (typeof parsed !== 'object' || parsed === null) {
+        throw new BadRequestException('Invalid cursor payload');
+      }
+      const out: Record<string, string> = {};
+      for (const name of fieldNames) {
+        if (!(name in parsed)) {
+          throw new BadRequestException(`Cursor missing field: ${name}`);
+        }
+        out[name] = parsed[name];
+      }
+      return out;
+    },
+
+    parseCursor(decoded: Record<string, string>): Record<string, unknown> {
+      const out: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+      for (const [k, raw] of Object.entries(decoded)) {
+        out[k] = decodeValue(raw, types.get(k) ?? 'text');
+      }
+      return out;
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function encodeValue(value: unknown, type: ValueType): string {
+  if (type === 'numeric') {
+    if (value === null || value === undefined) return '';
+    const n = typeof value === 'number' ? value : parseFloat(String(value));
+    if (n === Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY || String(value) === 'Infinity') {
+      return 'inf';
+    }
+    if (n === Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY || String(value) === '-Infinity') {
+      return '-inf';
+    }
+    if (Number.isNaN(n)) return '';
+    return String(n);
+  }
+  if (type === 'date') {
+    if (value === null || value === undefined) return '';
+    if (value instanceof Date) return value.toISOString();
+    const s = String(value);
+    if (s === 'infinity') return 'inf';
+    if (s === '-infinity') return '-inf';
+    return s;
+  }
+  if (type === 'bool') {
+    return value ? '1' : '0';
+  }
+  return value == null ? '' : String(value);
+}
+
+function decodeValue(raw: string, type: ValueType): unknown {
+  if (type === 'numeric') {
+    if (raw === 'inf') return Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
+    if (raw === '-inf') return Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
+    if (raw === '') return null;
+    return parseFloat(raw);
+  }
+  if (type === 'date') {
+    if (raw === 'inf') return 'infinity';
+    if (raw === '-inf') return '-infinity';
+    if (raw === '') return null;
+    return raw;
+  }
+  if (type === 'bool') {
+    return raw === '1';
+  }
+  return raw;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/engine.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/engine.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..248f38cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/engine.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import { SelectQueryBuilder } from 'kysely';
+import { DB } from '@docmost/db/types/db';
+import { BaseRow } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
+import { PaginationOptions } from '@docmost/db/pagination/pagination-options';
+import {
+  CursorPaginationResult,
+  executeWithCursorPagination,
+} from '@docmost/db/pagination/cursor-pagination';
+import { FilterNode, SearchSpec, SortSpec } from './schema.zod';
+import { buildWhere, PropertySchema } from './predicate';
+import { buildSorts, CURSOR_TAIL_KEYS, SortBuild } from './sort';
+import { buildSearch } from './search';
+import { makeCursor } from './cursor';
+
+export type EngineListOpts = {
+  filter?: FilterNode;
+  sorts?: SortSpec[];
+  search?: SearchSpec;
+  schema: PropertySchema;
+  pagination: PaginationOptions;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Top-level orchestrator. Callers (repos, services) provide a base
+ * Kysely query already scoped to the target base + workspace + alive
+ * rows; this adds search/filter/sort clauses and runs cursor pagination.
+ */
+export async function runListQuery(
+  base: SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any>,
+  opts: EngineListOpts,
+): Promise<CursorPaginationResult<BaseRow>> {
+  let qb = base;
+
+  if (opts.search) {
+    const spec = opts.search;
+    qb = qb.where((eb) => buildSearch(eb, spec));
+  }
+
+  if (opts.filter) {
+    const filter = opts.filter;
+    qb = qb.where((eb) => buildWhere(eb, filter, opts.schema));
+  }
+
+  const sortBuilds: SortBuild[] =
+    opts.sorts && opts.sorts.length > 0
+      ? buildSorts(opts.sorts, opts.schema)
+      : [];
+
+  for (const sb of sortBuilds) {
+    qb = qb.select(sb.expression.as(sb.key)) as SelectQueryBuilder<
+      DB,
+      'baseRows',
+      any
+    >;
+  }
+
+  const cursor = makeCursor(sortBuilds, CURSOR_TAIL_KEYS);
+
+  const fields = [
+    ...sortBuilds.map((sb) => ({
+      expression: sb.expression,
+      direction: sb.direction,
+      key: sb.key,
+    })),
+    {
+      expression: 'position' as const,
+      direction: 'asc' as const,
+      key: 'position' as const,
+    },
+    {
+      expression: 'id' as const,
+      direction: 'asc' as const,
+      key: 'id' as const,
+    },
+  ];
+
+  return executeWithCursorPagination(qb as any, {
+    perPage: opts.pagination.limit,
+    cursor: opts.pagination.cursor,
+    beforeCursor: opts.pagination.beforeCursor,
+    fields: fields as any,
+    encodeCursor: cursor.encodeCursor as any,
+    decodeCursor: cursor.decodeCursor as any,
+    parseCursor: cursor.parseCursor as any,
+  }) as unknown as Promise<CursorPaginationResult<BaseRow>>;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/extractors.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/extractors.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..65a2083e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/extractors.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { sql, RawBuilder } from 'kysely';
+
+/*
+ * Parameterised extractors wrapping the SQL helper functions installed
+ * by the bases-hardening migration. PropertyId always binds as a
+ * parameter — never string-interpolated. These replace every
+ * `sql.raw('cells->>...')` site in the old repo.
+ */
+
+export function textCell(propertyId: string): RawBuilder<string> {
+  return sql<string>`base_cell_text(cells, ${propertyId}::uuid)`;
+}
+
+export function numericCell(propertyId: string): RawBuilder<number> {
+  return sql<number>`base_cell_numeric(cells, ${propertyId}::uuid)`;
+}
+
+export function dateCell(propertyId: string): RawBuilder<Date> {
+  return sql<Date>`base_cell_timestamptz(cells, ${propertyId}::uuid)`;
+}
+
+export function boolCell(propertyId: string): RawBuilder<boolean> {
+  return sql<boolean>`base_cell_bool(cells, ${propertyId}::uuid)`;
+}
+
+export function arrayCell(propertyId: string): RawBuilder<unknown> {
+  return sql<unknown>`base_cell_array(cells, ${propertyId}::uuid)`;
+}
+
+export function escapeIlike(value: string): string {
+  return value.replace(/[%_\\]/g, '\\$&');
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/index.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..296c0531
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+export {
+  MAX_FILTER_DEPTH,
+  MAX_FILTER_NODES,
+  MAX_SORTS,
+  conditionSchema,
+  filterGroupSchema,
+  filterNodeSchema,
+  listQuerySchema,
+  operatorSchema,
+  searchSchema,
+  sortSpecSchema,
+  sortsSchema,
+  validateFilterTree,
+} from './schema.zod';
+export type {
+  Condition,
+  FilterGroup,
+  FilterNode,
+  ListQuery,
+  Operator,
+  SearchSpec,
+  SortSpec,
+} from './schema.zod';
+
+export {
+  PropertyKind,
+  SYSTEM_COLUMN,
+  isSystemType,
+  propertyKind,
+} from './kinds';
+export type { PropertyKindValue } from './kinds';
+
+export { buildWhere } from './predicate';
+export type { PropertySchema } from './predicate';
+
+export { buildSorts, CURSOR_TAIL_KEYS } from './sort';
+export type { SortBuild, TailKey } from './sort';
+
+export { makeCursor } from './cursor';
+
+export { buildSearch } from './search';
+
+export { runListQuery } from './engine';
+export type { EngineListOpts } from './engine';
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/kinds.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/kinds.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4148c769
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/kinds.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { BasePropertyType } from '../base.schemas';
+
+export const PropertyKind = {
+  TEXT: 'text',
+  NUMERIC: 'numeric',
+  DATE: 'date',
+  BOOL: 'bool',
+  SELECT: 'select',
+  MULTI: 'multi',
+  PERSON: 'person',
+  FILE: 'file',
+  SYS_USER: 'sys_user',
+} as const;
+
+export type PropertyKindValue = (typeof PropertyKind)[keyof typeof PropertyKind];
+
+export function propertyKind(type: string): PropertyKindValue | null {
+  switch (type) {
+    case BasePropertyType.TEXT:
+    case BasePropertyType.URL:
+    case BasePropertyType.EMAIL:
+      return PropertyKind.TEXT;
+    case BasePropertyType.NUMBER:
+      return PropertyKind.NUMERIC;
+    case BasePropertyType.DATE:
+    case BasePropertyType.CREATED_AT:
+    case BasePropertyType.LAST_EDITED_AT:
+      return PropertyKind.DATE;
+    case BasePropertyType.CHECKBOX:
+      return PropertyKind.BOOL;
+    case BasePropertyType.SELECT:
+    case BasePropertyType.STATUS:
+      return PropertyKind.SELECT;
+    case BasePropertyType.MULTI_SELECT:
+      return PropertyKind.MULTI;
+    case BasePropertyType.PERSON:
+      return PropertyKind.PERSON;
+    case BasePropertyType.FILE:
+      return PropertyKind.FILE;
+    case BasePropertyType.LAST_EDITED_BY:
+      return PropertyKind.SYS_USER;
+    default:
+      return null;
+  }
+}
+
+// System property type → camelCase column name on `base_rows`.
+// Kysely camel-case plugin maps to snake_case in SQL.
+export const SYSTEM_COLUMN: Record<string, 'createdAt' | 'updatedAt' | 'lastUpdatedById'> = {
+  [BasePropertyType.CREATED_AT]: 'createdAt',
+  [BasePropertyType.LAST_EDITED_AT]: 'updatedAt',
+  [BasePropertyType.LAST_EDITED_BY]: 'lastUpdatedById',
+};
+
+export function isSystemType(type: string): boolean {
+  return type in SYSTEM_COLUMN;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/predicate.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/predicate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ff60db2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/predicate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+import { Expression, ExpressionBuilder, sql, SqlBool } from 'kysely';
+import { DB } from '@docmost/db/types/db';
+import { BaseProperty } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
+import { Condition, FilterNode } from './schema.zod';
+import { PropertyKind, propertyKind, SYSTEM_COLUMN } from './kinds';
+import {
+  arrayCell,
+  boolCell,
+  dateCell,
+  escapeIlike,
+  numericCell,
+  textCell,
+} from './extractors';
+
+export type PropertySchema = Map<
+  string,
+  Pick<BaseProperty, 'id' | 'type' | 'typeOptions'>
+>;
+
+type Eb = ExpressionBuilder<DB, 'baseRows'>;
+
+const TRUE = sql<SqlBool>`TRUE`;
+const FALSE = sql<SqlBool>`FALSE`;
+
+export function buildWhere(
+  eb: Eb,
+  node: FilterNode,
+  schema: PropertySchema,
+): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  if ('children' in node) {
+    if (node.children.length === 0) return TRUE;
+    const built = node.children.map((c) => buildWhere(eb, c, schema));
+    return node.op === 'and' ? eb.and(built) : eb.or(built);
+  }
+  return buildCondition(eb, node, schema);
+}
+
+function buildCondition(
+  eb: Eb,
+  cond: Condition,
+  schema: PropertySchema,
+): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const prop = schema.get(cond.propertyId);
+  if (!prop) return FALSE;
+
+  const sysCol = SYSTEM_COLUMN[prop.type];
+  if (sysCol) return systemCondition(eb, sysCol, prop.type, cond);
+
+  const kind = propertyKind(prop.type);
+  if (!kind) return FALSE;
+
+  switch (kind) {
+    case PropertyKind.TEXT:
+      return textCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.NUMERIC:
+      return numericCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.DATE:
+      return dateCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.BOOL:
+      return boolCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.SELECT:
+      return selectCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.MULTI:
+      return multiCondition(eb, cond);
+    case PropertyKind.PERSON:
+      return personCondition(eb, cond, prop);
+    case PropertyKind.FILE:
+      return arrayOfIdsCondition(eb, cond);
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+// --- per-kind handlers ------------------------------------------------
+
+function textCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const expr = textCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const val = cond.value;
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb.and([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is not', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '!=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'eq':
+      return val == null ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '=', String(val));
+    case 'neq':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, '!=', String(val)),
+          ]);
+    case 'contains':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb(expr as any, 'ilike', `%${escapeIlike(String(val))}%`);
+    case 'ncontains':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, 'not ilike', `%${escapeIlike(String(val))}%`),
+          ]);
+    case 'startsWith':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb(expr as any, 'ilike', `${escapeIlike(String(val))}%`);
+    case 'endsWith':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb(expr as any, 'ilike', `%${escapeIlike(String(val))}`);
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function numericCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const expr = numericCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const raw = cond.value;
+  const num = raw == null ? null : Number(raw);
+  const bad = num == null || Number.isNaN(num);
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is', null);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is not', null);
+    case 'eq':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '=', num);
+    case 'neq':
+      return bad
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([eb(expr as any, 'is', null), eb(expr as any, '!=', num)]);
+    case 'gt':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '>', num);
+    case 'gte':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '>=', num);
+    case 'lt':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '<', num);
+    case 'lte':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '<=', num);
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function dateCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const expr = dateCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const raw = cond.value;
+  const bad = raw == null || raw === '';
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is', null);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is not', null);
+    case 'eq':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '=', String(raw));
+    case 'neq':
+      return bad
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, '!=', String(raw)),
+          ]);
+    case 'before':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '<', String(raw));
+    case 'after':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '>', String(raw));
+    case 'onOrBefore':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '<=', String(raw));
+    case 'onOrAfter':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '>=', String(raw));
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function boolCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const expr = boolCell(cond.propertyId);
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is', null);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb(expr as any, 'is not', null);
+    case 'eq':
+      return cond.value == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb(expr as any, '=', Boolean(cond.value));
+    case 'neq':
+      return cond.value == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, '!=', Boolean(cond.value)),
+          ]);
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function selectCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  // Cell stores a single option UUID as string. Use text extractor.
+  const expr = textCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const val = cond.value;
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb.and([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is not', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '!=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'eq':
+      return val == null ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '=', String(val));
+    case 'neq':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, '!=', String(val)),
+          ]);
+    case 'any': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return FALSE;
+      return eb(expr as any, 'in', arr);
+    }
+    case 'none': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return TRUE;
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        eb(expr as any, 'not in', arr),
+      ]);
+    }
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function multiCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  return arrayOfIdsCondition(eb, cond);
+}
+
+function personCondition(
+  eb: Eb,
+  cond: Condition,
+  prop: Pick<BaseProperty, 'id' | 'type' | 'typeOptions'>,
+): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  // Person cells may be stored as a single uuid or an array of uuids depending
+  // on the property's `allowMultiple` option. Normalise to array semantics via
+  // `base_cell_array` when it's stored as an array, else text.
+  const allowMultiple = !!(prop.typeOptions as any)?.allowMultiple;
+  if (allowMultiple) return arrayOfIdsCondition(eb, cond);
+
+  const expr = textCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const val = cond.value;
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb.and([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is not', null),
+        eb(expr as any, '!=', ''),
+      ]);
+    case 'eq':
+      return val == null ? FALSE : eb(expr as any, '=', String(val));
+    case 'neq':
+      return val == null
+        ? FALSE
+        : eb.or([
+            eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+            eb(expr as any, '!=', String(val)),
+          ]);
+    case 'any': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return FALSE;
+      return eb(expr as any, 'in', arr);
+    }
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function arrayOfIdsCondition(eb: Eb, cond: Condition): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const expr = arrayCell(cond.propertyId);
+  const val = cond.value;
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        sql<SqlBool>`jsonb_array_length(${expr}) = 0`,
+      ]);
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return eb.and([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is not', null),
+        sql<SqlBool>`jsonb_array_length(${expr}) > 0`,
+      ]);
+    case 'any': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return FALSE;
+      return sql<SqlBool>`${expr} ?| ${arr}`;
+    }
+    case 'all': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return TRUE;
+      // `::text::jsonb` because postgres.js auto-detects JSON-shaped strings
+      // as jsonb and re-encodes them, producing a jsonb *string* instead of
+      // an array. Without the text hop, the containment check never matches.
+      return sql<SqlBool>`${expr} @> ${JSON.stringify(arr)}::text::jsonb`;
+    }
+    case 'none': {
+      const arr = asStringArray(val);
+      if (arr.length === 0) return TRUE;
+      return eb.or([
+        eb(expr as any, 'is', null),
+        sql<SqlBool>`NOT (${expr} ?| ${arr})`,
+      ]);
+    }
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+function systemCondition(
+  eb: Eb,
+  column: 'createdAt' | 'updatedAt' | 'lastUpdatedById',
+  propertyType: string,
+  cond: Condition,
+): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const ref = eb.ref(column);
+  const val = cond.value;
+
+  // lastEditedBy — UUID column; behaves like select (uuid equality, in, isEmpty).
+  if (propertyType === 'lastEditedBy') {
+    switch (cond.op) {
+      case 'isEmpty':
+        return eb(ref, 'is', null);
+      case 'isNotEmpty':
+        return eb(ref, 'is not', null);
+      case 'eq':
+        return val == null ? FALSE : eb(ref, '=', String(val));
+      case 'neq':
+        return val == null
+          ? FALSE
+          : eb.or([eb(ref, 'is', null), eb(ref, '!=', String(val))]);
+      case 'any': {
+        const arr = asStringArray(val);
+        if (arr.length === 0) return FALSE;
+        return eb(ref, 'in', arr);
+      }
+      case 'none': {
+        const arr = asStringArray(val);
+        if (arr.length === 0) return TRUE;
+        return eb.or([eb(ref, 'is', null), eb(ref, 'not in', arr)]);
+      }
+      default:
+        return FALSE;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // createdAt / updatedAt — timestamptz columns (NOT NULL).
+  const bad = val == null || val === '';
+  switch (cond.op) {
+    case 'isEmpty':
+      return FALSE;
+    case 'isNotEmpty':
+      return TRUE;
+    case 'eq':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '=', String(val));
+    case 'neq':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '!=', String(val));
+    case 'before':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '<', String(val));
+    case 'after':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '>', String(val));
+    case 'onOrBefore':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '<=', String(val));
+    case 'onOrAfter':
+      return bad ? FALSE : eb(ref, '>=', String(val));
+    default:
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+}
+
+// --- utilities --------------------------------------------------------
+
+function asStringArray(val: unknown): string[] {
+  if (val == null) return [];
+  if (Array.isArray(val)) return val.filter((v) => v != null).map(String);
+  return [String(val)];
+}
+
+export { TRUE as TRUE_EXPR, FALSE as FALSE_EXPR };
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9860edf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/schema.zod.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+export const MAX_FILTER_DEPTH = 5;
+export const MAX_FILTER_NODES = 50;
+export const MAX_SORTS = 5;
+
+const uuid = z.uuid();
+
+export const operatorSchema = z.enum([
+  'eq',
+  'neq',
+  'gt',
+  'gte',
+  'lt',
+  'lte',
+  'contains',
+  'ncontains',
+  'startsWith',
+  'endsWith',
+  'isEmpty',
+  'isNotEmpty',
+  'before',
+  'after',
+  'onOrBefore',
+  'onOrAfter',
+  'any',
+  'none',
+  'all',
+]);
+
+export type Operator = z.infer<typeof operatorSchema>;
+
+export const conditionSchema = z.object({
+  propertyId: uuid,
+  op: operatorSchema,
+  value: z.unknown().optional(),
+});
+
+export type Condition = z.infer<typeof conditionSchema>;
+
+export type FilterNode = Condition | FilterGroup;
+export type FilterGroup = {
+  op: 'and' | 'or';
+  children: FilterNode[];
+};
+
+// Recursive Zod schema for grouped filter trees.
+export const filterNodeSchema: z.ZodType<FilterNode> = z.lazy(() =>
+  z.union([conditionSchema, filterGroupSchema]),
+);
+
+export const filterGroupSchema: z.ZodType<FilterGroup> = z.lazy(() =>
+  z.object({
+    op: z.enum(['and', 'or']),
+    children: z.array(filterNodeSchema),
+  }),
+);
+
+// Count nodes + max depth to prevent pathological trees from reaching SQL.
+export function validateFilterTree(node: FilterNode): void {
+  let nodes = 0;
+  const walk = (n: FilterNode, depth: number) => {
+    if (depth > MAX_FILTER_DEPTH) {
+      throw new Error(`Filter tree exceeds max depth ${MAX_FILTER_DEPTH}`);
+    }
+    nodes += 1;
+    if (nodes > MAX_FILTER_NODES) {
+      throw new Error(`Filter tree exceeds max node count ${MAX_FILTER_NODES}`);
+    }
+    if ('children' in n) {
+      for (const c of n.children) walk(c, depth + 1);
+    }
+  };
+  walk(node, 0);
+}
+
+export const sortSpecSchema = z.object({
+  propertyId: uuid,
+  direction: z.enum(['asc', 'desc']),
+});
+
+export type SortSpec = z.infer<typeof sortSpecSchema>;
+
+export const sortsSchema = z.array(sortSpecSchema).max(MAX_SORTS);
+
+export const searchSchema = z.object({
+  query: z.string().min(1).max(500),
+  mode: z.enum(['trgm', 'fts']).default('trgm'),
+});
+
+export type SearchSpec = z.infer<typeof searchSchema>;
+
+// Top-level request DTO shape. The row controller DTO composes this.
+export const listQuerySchema = z.object({
+  filter: filterGroupSchema.optional(),
+  sorts: sortsSchema.optional(),
+  search: searchSchema.optional(),
+});
+
+export type ListQuery = z.infer<typeof listQuerySchema>;
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/search.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/search.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..95f4579d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/search.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { Expression, ExpressionBuilder, sql, SqlBool } from 'kysely';
+import { DB } from '@docmost/db/types/db';
+import { SearchSpec } from './schema.zod';
+
+type Eb = ExpressionBuilder<DB, 'baseRows'>;
+
+/*
+ * `search_text` and `search_tsv` are maintained by the base_rows search
+ * trigger installed in the bases-hardening migration. Both columns are
+ * indexed — pg_trgm GIN for ILIKE and standard GIN for tsvector.
+ */
+
+export function buildSearch(eb: Eb, spec: SearchSpec): Expression<SqlBool> {
+  const q = spec.query.trim();
+  if (!q) return sql<SqlBool>`TRUE`;
+
+  if (spec.mode === 'fts') {
+    // Accent-insensitive match via f_unaccent (same helper the search
+    // trigger uses when populating search_tsv / search_text).
+    return sql<SqlBool>`search_tsv @@ plainto_tsquery('english', f_unaccent(${q}))`;
+  }
+
+  // trigram ILIKE mode (default). escape %/_/\\ in user input so wildcards
+  // can't be injected.
+  const escaped = q.replace(/[%_\\]/g, '\\$&');
+  return sql<SqlBool>`search_text ILIKE ${'%' + escaped + '%'}`;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/sort.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/sort.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a33f5a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/engine/sort.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import { RawBuilder, sql } from 'kysely';
+import { BaseProperty } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
+import { SortSpec } from './schema.zod';
+import { PropertyKind, SYSTEM_COLUMN, propertyKind } from './kinds';
+import {
+  boolCell,
+  dateCell,
+  numericCell,
+  textCell,
+} from './extractors';
+import { PropertySchema } from './predicate';
+
+/*
+ * Builds sort expressions with sentinel wrapping so NULLs compare
+ * deterministically at the end of the sort order. This avoids the
+ * `__null__` string sentinel bug in the old cursor encoder: because the
+ * sort expression never returns NULL, the cursor simply stores the
+ * extracted value and keyset comparisons work natively.
+ */
+
+export type SortBuild = {
+  key: string;                // alias used in cursor (s0, s1, ...)
+  expression: RawBuilder<any>; // COALESCE-wrapped expression with sentinel
+  direction: 'asc' | 'desc';
+  valueType: 'numeric' | 'date' | 'text' | 'bool';
+};
+
+export type TailKey = 'position' | 'id';
+
+export const CURSOR_TAIL_KEYS: TailKey[] = ['position', 'id'];
+
+export function buildSorts(
+  sorts: SortSpec[],
+  schema: PropertySchema,
+): SortBuild[] {
+  const out: SortBuild[] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < sorts.length; i++) {
+    const s = sorts[i];
+    const prop = schema.get(s.propertyId);
+    if (!prop) continue;
+
+    const key = `s${i}`;
+    const dir = s.direction;
+
+    const sysCol = SYSTEM_COLUMN[prop.type];
+    if (sysCol) {
+      out.push({
+        key,
+        expression: sql`${sql.ref(sysCol)}`,
+        direction: dir,
+        valueType: prop.type === 'lastEditedBy' ? 'text' : 'date',
+      });
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const kind = propertyKind(prop.type);
+    if (!kind) continue;
+
+    out.push(wrapWithSentinel(s.propertyId, kind, dir, key));
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function wrapWithSentinel(
+  propertyId: string,
+  kind: Exclude<ReturnType<typeof propertyKind>, null>,
+  direction: 'asc' | 'desc',
+  key: string,
+): SortBuild {
+  if (kind === PropertyKind.NUMERIC) {
+    const sentinel =
+      direction === 'asc'
+        ? sql`'Infinity'::numeric`
+        : sql`'-Infinity'::numeric`;
+    return {
+      key,
+      expression: sql`COALESCE(${numericCell(propertyId)}, ${sentinel})`,
+      direction,
+      valueType: 'numeric',
+    };
+  }
+  if (kind === PropertyKind.DATE) {
+    const sentinel =
+      direction === 'asc'
+        ? sql`'infinity'::timestamptz`
+        : sql`'-infinity'::timestamptz`;
+    return {
+      key,
+      expression: sql`COALESCE(${dateCell(propertyId)}, ${sentinel})`,
+      direction,
+      valueType: 'date',
+    };
+  }
+  if (kind === PropertyKind.BOOL) {
+    // false < true. ASC NULLS LAST => null → true; DESC NULLS LAST => null → false.
+    const sentinel = direction === 'asc' ? sql`TRUE` : sql`FALSE`;
+    return {
+      key,
+      expression: sql`COALESCE(${boolCell(propertyId)}, ${sentinel})`,
+      direction,
+      valueType: 'bool',
+    };
+  }
+  // TEXT / SELECT / MULTI / PERSON / FILE — sort by raw extracted text.
+  const sentinel = direction === 'asc' ? sql`chr(1114111)` : sql`''`;
+  return {
+    key,
+    expression: sql`COALESCE(${textCell(propertyId)}, ${sentinel})`,
+    direction,
+    valueType: 'text',
+  };
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/events/base-events.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/events/base-events.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cbd4f584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/events/base-events.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { BaseProperty, BaseRow, BaseView } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
+
+/*
+ * Domain event payloads emitted by the base services after each mutation
+ * commits. `base-ws-consumers.ts` picks these up and fans them out onto
+ * the appropriate socket.io room. `requestId` lets the originating client
+ * skip replaying its own echo.
+ */
+
+type BaseEventBase = {
+  baseId: string;
+  workspaceId: string;
+  actorId?: string | null;
+  requestId?: string | null;
+};
+
+export type BaseRowCreatedEvent = BaseEventBase & { row: BaseRow };
+export type BaseRowUpdatedEvent = BaseEventBase & {
+  rowId: string;
+  patch: Record<string, unknown>;
+  updatedCells: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+export type BaseRowDeletedEvent = BaseEventBase & { rowId: string };
+export type BaseRowRestoredEvent = BaseEventBase & { rowId: string };
+export type BaseRowReorderedEvent = BaseEventBase & {
+  rowId: string;
+  position: string;
+};
+
+export type BasePropertyCreatedEvent = BaseEventBase & {
+  property: BaseProperty;
+};
+export type BasePropertyUpdatedEvent = BaseEventBase & {
+  property: BaseProperty;
+  schemaVersion: number;
+};
+export type BasePropertyDeletedEvent = BaseEventBase & { propertyId: string };
+export type BasePropertyReorderedEvent = BaseEventBase & {
+  propertyId: string;
+  position: string;
+};
+
+export type BaseViewCreatedEvent = BaseEventBase & { view: BaseView };
+export type BaseViewUpdatedEvent = BaseEventBase & { view: BaseView };
+export type BaseViewDeletedEvent = BaseEventBase & { viewId: string };
+
+export type BaseSchemaBumpedEvent = BaseEventBase & { schemaVersion: number };
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/processors/base-queue.processor.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/processors/base-queue.processor.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..514ac93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/processors/base-queue.processor.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import { Logger, OnModuleDestroy } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { OnWorkerEvent, Processor, WorkerHost } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
+import { EventEmitter2 } from '@nestjs/event-emitter';
+import { Job } from 'bullmq';
+import { InjectKysely } from 'nestjs-kysely';
+import { KyselyDB } from '@docmost/db/types/kysely.types';
+import { executeTx } from '@docmost/db/utils';
+import { BaseRowRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-row.repo';
+import { BasePropertyRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-property.repo';
+import { BaseRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base.repo';
+import { QueueJob, QueueName } from '../../../integrations/queue/constants';
+import {
+  IBaseCellGcJob,
+  IBaseTypeConversionJob,
+} from '../../../integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface';
+import { processBaseTypeConversion } from '../tasks/base-type-conversion.task';
+import { processBaseCellGc } from '../tasks/base-cell-gc.task';
+import { EventName } from '../../../common/events/event.contants';
+import {
+  BasePropertyUpdatedEvent,
+  BaseSchemaBumpedEvent,
+} from '../events/base-events';
+
+@Processor(QueueName.BASE_QUEUE)
+export class BaseQueueProcessor
+  extends WorkerHost
+  implements OnModuleDestroy
+{
+  private readonly logger = new Logger(BaseQueueProcessor.name);
+
+  constructor(
+    @InjectKysely() private readonly db: KyselyDB,
+    private readonly baseRowRepo: BaseRowRepo,
+    private readonly basePropertyRepo: BasePropertyRepo,
+    private readonly baseRepo: BaseRepo,
+    private readonly eventEmitter: EventEmitter2,
+  ) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  async process(job: Job): Promise<unknown> {
+    switch (job.name) {
+      case QueueJob.BASE_TYPE_CONVERSION: {
+        const data = job.data as IBaseTypeConversionJob;
+        // Cell rewrite + pending→live swap + schema_version bump share one
+        // transaction so readers never see cells already in the new format
+        // under a still-pending type (or vice versa).
+        const { summary, schemaVersion } = await executeTx(
+          this.db,
+          async (trx) => {
+            const s = await processBaseTypeConversion(
+              this.db,
+              this.baseRowRepo,
+              data,
+              {
+                trx,
+                progress: (processed) => job.updateProgress({ processed }),
+              },
+            );
+            await this.basePropertyRepo.commitPendingTypeChange(
+              data.propertyId,
+              trx,
+            );
+            await this.basePropertyRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(data.propertyId, trx);
+            const v = await this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(data.baseId, trx);
+            return { summary: s, schemaVersion: v };
+          },
+        );
+
+        // Emit the property:updated first so clients drop the "Converting…"
+        // badge and repaint headers with the new type, then schema:bumped
+        // so they invalidate row caches to pick up migrated cells.
+        const updated = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(data.propertyId);
+        if (updated) {
+          const event: BasePropertyUpdatedEvent = {
+            baseId: data.baseId,
+            workspaceId: data.workspaceId,
+            actorId: data.actorId ?? null,
+            requestId: null,
+            property: updated,
+            schemaVersion: updated.schemaVersion,
+          };
+          this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_UPDATED, event);
+        }
+        this.emitSchemaBumped(
+          data.baseId,
+          data.workspaceId,
+          schemaVersion,
+          data.actorId,
+        );
+        return summary;
+      }
+      case QueueJob.BASE_CELL_GC: {
+        const data = job.data as IBaseCellGcJob;
+        await processBaseCellGc(
+          this.db,
+          this.baseRowRepo,
+          this.basePropertyRepo,
+          data,
+        );
+        const schemaVersion = await this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(
+          data.baseId,
+        );
+        this.emitSchemaBumped(data.baseId, data.workspaceId, schemaVersion);
+        return;
+      }
+      default:
+        this.logger.warn(`Unknown job: ${job.name}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private emitSchemaBumped(
+    baseId: string,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    schemaVersion: number,
+    actorId?: string,
+  ): void {
+    const event: BaseSchemaBumpedEvent = {
+      baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: null,
+      schemaVersion,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_SCHEMA_BUMPED, event);
+  }
+
+  @OnWorkerEvent('active')
+  onActive(job: Job) {
+    this.logger.debug(`Processing ${job.name} job ${job.id}`);
+  }
+
+  @OnWorkerEvent('failed')
+  async onError(job: Job) {
+    this.logger.error(
+      `Error processing ${job.name} job ${job.id}. Reason: ${job.failedReason}`,
+    );
+
+    // Clean up a stuck conversion so the column doesn't wedge in
+    // "Converting…" forever. Cells remain under the original type because
+    // the rewrite transaction rolled back.
+    if (job.name === QueueJob.BASE_TYPE_CONVERSION) {
+      const data = job.data as IBaseTypeConversionJob;
+      try {
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.clearPendingTypeChange(data.propertyId);
+        const reverted = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(data.propertyId);
+        if (reverted) {
+          const event: BasePropertyUpdatedEvent = {
+            baseId: data.baseId,
+            workspaceId: data.workspaceId,
+            actorId: data.actorId ?? null,
+            requestId: null,
+            property: reverted,
+            schemaVersion: reverted.schemaVersion,
+          };
+          this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_UPDATED, event);
+        }
+      } catch (cleanupErr) {
+        this.logger.error(
+          `Failed to clear pending type change on property ${data.propertyId}`,
+          cleanupErr as Error,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @OnWorkerEvent('completed')
+  onCompleted(job: Job) {
+    this.logger.debug(`Completed ${job.name} job ${job.id}`);
+  }
+
+  async onModuleDestroy(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.worker) {
+      await this.worker.close();
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-presence.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-presence.service.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9fd415ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-presence.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { RedisService } from '@nestjs-labs/nestjs-ioredis';
+import type { Redis } from 'ioredis';
+
+const PRESENCE_KEY_PREFIX = 'presence:base:';
+const PRESENCE_ENTRY_TTL_MS = 10_000;
+const PRESENCE_KEY_TTL_S = 60;
+
+export type PresenceEntry = {
+  userId: string;
+  cellId?: string | null;
+  selection?: unknown;
+  ts: number;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Ephemeral per-base presence. No DB. `presence:base:{baseId}` is a Redis
+ * HASH keyed by userId with a JSON-serialised entry. Entries older than
+ * PRESENCE_ENTRY_TTL_MS are filtered on read; the key itself is refreshed
+ * with a longer Redis EXPIRE on every write so unused rooms drain on
+ * their own.
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class BasePresenceService {
+  private readonly logger = new Logger(BasePresenceService.name);
+  private readonly redis: Redis;
+
+  constructor(private readonly redisService: RedisService) {
+    this.redis = this.redisService.getOrThrow();
+  }
+
+  async setPresence(
+    baseId: string,
+    entry: PresenceEntry,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const key = PRESENCE_KEY_PREFIX + baseId;
+    await this.redis
+      .multi()
+      .hset(key, entry.userId, JSON.stringify(entry))
+      .expire(key, PRESENCE_KEY_TTL_S)
+      .exec();
+  }
+
+  async leave(baseId: string, userId: string): Promise<void> {
+    const key = PRESENCE_KEY_PREFIX + baseId;
+    await this.redis.hdel(key, userId);
+  }
+
+  async snapshot(baseId: string): Promise<PresenceEntry[]> {
+    const key = PRESENCE_KEY_PREFIX + baseId;
+    const raw = await this.redis.hgetall(key);
+    const now = Date.now();
+    const out: PresenceEntry[] = [];
+    const stale: string[] = [];
+    for (const [field, value] of Object.entries(raw)) {
+      try {
+        const entry = JSON.parse(value) as PresenceEntry;
+        if (now - entry.ts <= PRESENCE_ENTRY_TTL_MS) {
+          out.push(entry);
+        } else {
+          stale.push(field);
+        }
+      } catch {
+        stale.push(field);
+      }
+    }
+    // Opportunistic GC so the hash doesn't accumulate during long-lived
+    // rooms where the key TTL keeps getting refreshed by active users.
+    if (stale.length > 0) {
+      this.redis.hdel(key, ...stale).catch(() => {});
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws-consumers.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws-consumers.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..251b61f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws-consumers.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { OnEvent } from '@nestjs/event-emitter';
+import { EventName } from '../../../common/events/event.contants';
+import { BaseWsService } from './base-ws.service';
+import {
+  BasePropertyCreatedEvent,
+  BasePropertyDeletedEvent,
+  BasePropertyReorderedEvent,
+  BasePropertyUpdatedEvent,
+  BaseRowCreatedEvent,
+  BaseRowDeletedEvent,
+  BaseRowReorderedEvent,
+  BaseRowUpdatedEvent,
+  BaseSchemaBumpedEvent,
+  BaseViewCreatedEvent,
+  BaseViewDeletedEvent,
+  BaseViewUpdatedEvent,
+} from '../events/base-events';
+
+/*
+ * In-process listeners that forward base domain events onto the
+ * `base-{baseId}` socket.io room. Originating clients suppress their own
+ * echoes via `requestId`.
+ */
+@Injectable()
+export class BaseWsConsumers {
+  private readonly logger = new Logger(BaseWsConsumers.name);
+
+  constructor(private readonly ws: BaseWsService) {}
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_ROW_CREATED)
+  onRowCreated(e: BaseRowCreatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:row:created',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      row: e.row,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_ROW_UPDATED)
+  onRowUpdated(e: BaseRowUpdatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:row:updated',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      rowId: e.rowId,
+      patch: e.patch,
+      updatedCells: e.updatedCells,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_ROW_DELETED)
+  onRowDeleted(e: BaseRowDeletedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:row:deleted',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      rowId: e.rowId,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_ROW_REORDERED)
+  onRowReordered(e: BaseRowReorderedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:row:reordered',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      rowId: e.rowId,
+      position: e.position,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_CREATED)
+  onPropertyCreated(e: BasePropertyCreatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:property:created',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      property: e.property,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_UPDATED)
+  onPropertyUpdated(e: BasePropertyUpdatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:property:updated',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      property: e.property,
+      schemaVersion: e.schemaVersion,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_DELETED)
+  onPropertyDeleted(e: BasePropertyDeletedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:property:deleted',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      propertyId: e.propertyId,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_REORDERED)
+  onPropertyReordered(e: BasePropertyReorderedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:property:reordered',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      propertyId: e.propertyId,
+      position: e.position,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_VIEW_CREATED)
+  onViewCreated(e: BaseViewCreatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:view:created',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      view: e.view,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_VIEW_UPDATED)
+  onViewUpdated(e: BaseViewUpdatedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:view:updated',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      view: e.view,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_VIEW_DELETED)
+  onViewDeleted(e: BaseViewDeletedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:view:deleted',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      viewId: e.viewId,
+      actorId: e.actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: e.requestId ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent(EventName.BASE_SCHEMA_BUMPED)
+  onSchemaBumped(e: BaseSchemaBumpedEvent) {
+    this.ws.emitToBase(e.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:schema:bumped',
+      baseId: e.baseId,
+      schemaVersion: e.schemaVersion,
+    });
+  }
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws.service.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2464f415
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/realtime/base-ws.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+import { Injectable, Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { z } from 'zod';
+import type { Server, Socket } from 'socket.io';
+import { SpaceMemberRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/space/space-member.repo';
+import { BaseRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base.repo';
+import { findHighestUserSpaceRole } from '@docmost/db/repos/space/utils';
+import { getBaseRoomName } from '../../../ws/ws.utils';
+import { BasePresenceService, PresenceEntry } from './base-presence.service';
+
+/*
+ * Inbound shapes from untrusted socket clients. Zod-validated at the
+ * boundary so malformed payloads (non-uuid baseId, missing fields,
+ * oversized selection blobs) never reach the permission check or Redis.
+ */
+const baseSubscribeSchema = z.object({
+  operation: z.literal('base:subscribe'),
+  baseId: z.uuid(),
+});
+
+const baseUnsubscribeSchema = z.object({
+  operation: z.literal('base:unsubscribe'),
+  baseId: z.uuid(),
+});
+
+const basePresenceSchema = z.object({
+  operation: z.literal('base:presence'),
+  baseId: z.uuid(),
+  cellId: z.string().max(200).optional().nullable(),
+  selection: z.unknown().optional(),
+});
+
+const basePresenceLeaveSchema = z.object({
+  operation: z.literal('base:presence:leave'),
+  baseId: z.uuid(),
+});
+
+const inboundSchema = z.union([
+  baseSubscribeSchema,
+  baseUnsubscribeSchema,
+  basePresenceSchema,
+  basePresenceLeaveSchema,
+]);
+
+type BaseInbound = z.infer<typeof inboundSchema>;
+
+type BaseOutbound = { operation: `base:${string}` } & Record<string, unknown>;
+
+@Injectable()
+export class BaseWsService {
+  private readonly logger = new Logger(BaseWsService.name);
+  private server: Server | null = null;
+
+  constructor(
+    private readonly baseRepo: BaseRepo,
+    private readonly spaceMemberRepo: SpaceMemberRepo,
+    private readonly presence: BasePresenceService,
+  ) {}
+
+  setServer(server: Server): void {
+    this.server = server;
+  }
+
+  isBaseEvent(data: any): boolean {
+    return (
+      typeof data?.operation === 'string' && data.operation.startsWith('base:')
+    );
+  }
+
+  async handleInbound(client: Socket, raw: unknown): Promise<void> {
+    const parsed = inboundSchema.safeParse(raw);
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      this.logger.debug(
+        `Rejecting inbound base event: ${parsed.error.issues[0]?.message}`,
+      );
+      return;
+    }
+    const data = parsed.data;
+    switch (data.operation) {
+      case 'base:subscribe':
+        await this.subscribe(client, data.baseId);
+        return;
+      case 'base:unsubscribe':
+        await this.unsubscribe(client, data.baseId);
+        return;
+      case 'base:presence':
+        await this.handlePresence(client, data);
+        return;
+      case 'base:presence:leave':
+        await this.handlePresenceLeave(client, data.baseId);
+        return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  emitToBase(baseId: string, payload: BaseOutbound): void {
+    if (!this.server) return;
+    this.server.to(getBaseRoomName(baseId)).emit('message', payload);
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Called from WsGateway on client disconnect. Walks the per-socket
+   * set of subscribed bases and cleans up presence without waiting for
+   * entry TTLs to expire — keeps the snapshot fresh for others in the
+   * room.
+   */
+  async handleDisconnect(client: Socket): Promise<void> {
+    const userId = client.data?.userId as string | undefined;
+    const subs = this.subscriptionsFor(client);
+    if (!userId || subs.size === 0) return;
+    for (const baseId of subs) {
+      await this.presence.leave(baseId, userId);
+      this.emitToBase(baseId, {
+        operation: 'base:presence:leave',
+        baseId,
+        userId,
+      });
+    }
+    subs.clear();
+  }
+
+  // --- private -------------------------------------------------------
+
+  private async subscribe(client: Socket, baseId: string): Promise<void> {
+    const userId = client.data?.userId as string | undefined;
+    if (!userId) {
+      client.emit('message', {
+        operation: 'base:subscribe:error',
+        baseId,
+        reason: 'unauthenticated',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const base = await this.baseRepo.findById(baseId);
+    if (!base) {
+      client.emit('message', {
+        operation: 'base:subscribe:error',
+        baseId,
+        reason: 'not_found',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const canRead = await this.canReadBaseSpace(userId, base.spaceId);
+    if (!canRead) {
+      client.emit('message', {
+        operation: 'base:subscribe:error',
+        baseId,
+        reason: 'forbidden',
+      });
+      return;
+    }
+
+    client.join(getBaseRoomName(baseId));
+    this.subscriptionsFor(client).add(baseId);
+
+    // Send the current presence snapshot to just this client so their UI
+    // can paint who's already editing what.
+    const snapshot = await this.presence.snapshot(baseId);
+    client.emit('message', {
+      operation: 'base:presence:snapshot',
+      baseId,
+      entries: snapshot,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async unsubscribe(client: Socket, baseId: string): Promise<void> {
+    const userId = client.data?.userId as string | undefined;
+    if (!userId) return;
+
+    client.leave(getBaseRoomName(baseId));
+    this.subscriptionsFor(client).delete(baseId);
+
+    await this.presence.leave(baseId, userId);
+    this.emitToBase(baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:presence:leave',
+      baseId,
+      userId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async handlePresence(
+    client: Socket,
+    data: Extract<BaseInbound, { operation: 'base:presence' }>,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const userId = client.data?.userId as string | undefined;
+    if (!userId) return;
+    if (!client.rooms.has(getBaseRoomName(data.baseId))) return;
+
+    const entry: PresenceEntry = {
+      userId,
+      cellId: data.cellId ?? null,
+      selection: data.selection ?? null,
+      ts: Date.now(),
+    };
+    await this.presence.setPresence(data.baseId, entry);
+
+    this.emitToBase(data.baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:presence',
+      baseId: data.baseId,
+      ...entry,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async handlePresenceLeave(
+    client: Socket,
+    baseId: string,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const userId = client.data?.userId as string | undefined;
+    if (!userId) return;
+    await this.presence.leave(baseId, userId);
+    this.emitToBase(baseId, {
+      operation: 'base:presence:leave',
+      baseId,
+      userId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private async canReadBaseSpace(
+    userId: string,
+    spaceId: string,
+  ): Promise<boolean> {
+    const roles = await this.spaceMemberRepo.getUserSpaceRoles(userId, spaceId);
+    return !!findHighestUserSpaceRole(roles);
+  }
+
+  private subscriptionsFor(client: Socket): Set<string> {
+    const existing = client.data.baseSubscriptions as Set<string> | undefined;
+    if (existing) return existing;
+    const fresh = new Set<string>();
+    client.data.baseSubscriptions = fresh;
+    return fresh;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-property.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-property.service.ts
index c1aa1dc9..691dff20 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-property.service.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-property.service.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 import {
   BadRequestException,
+  ConflictException,
   Injectable,
+  Logger,
   NotFoundException,
+  ServiceUnavailableException,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectKysely } from 'nestjs-kysely';
+import { InjectQueue } from '@nestjs/bullmq';
+import { EventEmitter2 } from '@nestjs/event-emitter';
+import { Queue } from 'bullmq';
+import { sql, SqlBool } from 'kysely';
 import { KyselyDB } from '@docmost/db/types/kysely.types';
 import { executeTx } from '@docmost/db/utils';
 import { BasePropertyRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-property.repo';
 import { BaseRowRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-row.repo';
+import { BaseRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base.repo';
 import { CreatePropertyDto } from '../dto/create-property.dto';
 import {
   UpdatePropertyDto,
@@ -15,49 +23,135 @@ import {
   ReorderPropertyDto,
 } from '../dto/update-property.dto';
 import {
+  BasePropertyType,
   BasePropertyTypeValue,
   parseTypeOptions,
-  attemptCellConversion,
   validateTypeOptions,
   isSystemPropertyType,
 } from '../base.schemas';
 import { generateJitteredKeyBetween } from 'fractional-indexing-jittered';
+import { QueueJob, QueueName } from '../../../integrations/queue/constants';
+import {
+  IBaseCellGcJob,
+  IBaseTypeConversionJob,
+} from '../../../integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface';
+import { EventName } from '../../../common/events/event.contants';
+import {
+  BasePropertyCreatedEvent,
+  BasePropertyDeletedEvent,
+  BasePropertyReorderedEvent,
+  BasePropertyUpdatedEvent,
+  BaseSchemaBumpedEvent,
+} from '../events/base-events';
+import { processBaseTypeConversion } from '../tasks/base-type-conversion.task';
+
+/*
+ * Types whose cell values are IDs referencing external records. Converting
+ * them to any other type (especially text) requires an ID → display
+ * resolution pass — otherwise `select → text` persists the choice UUID
+ * instead of its display name (the bug that motivated this job).
+ */
+const ID_REFERENCING_TYPES: ReadonlySet<BasePropertyTypeValue> = new Set([
+  BasePropertyType.SELECT,
+  BasePropertyType.STATUS,
+  BasePropertyType.MULTI_SELECT,
+  BasePropertyType.PERSON,
+  BasePropertyType.FILE,
+]);
+
+/*
+ * Row-count cutoff below which the cell rewrite runs synchronously inside
+ * the HTTP request. Chosen so even worst-case (file → text with attachment
+ * name joins) completes comfortably under the default 30s request timeout.
+ * Larger bases fall back to the BullMQ worker path which flips the type
+ * only after the rewrite completes, showing a "Converting…" header state
+ * in the meantime.
+ */
+const INLINE_CONVERSION_ROW_LIMIT = 2000;
 
 @Injectable()
 export class BasePropertyService {
+  private readonly logger = new Logger(BasePropertyService.name);
+
   constructor(
     @InjectKysely() private readonly db: KyselyDB,
     private readonly basePropertyRepo: BasePropertyRepo,
     private readonly baseRowRepo: BaseRowRepo,
+    private readonly baseRepo: BaseRepo,
+    @InjectQueue(QueueName.BASE_QUEUE) private readonly baseQueue: Queue,
+    private readonly eventEmitter: EventEmitter2,
   ) {}
 
-  async create(workspaceId: string, dto: CreatePropertyDto) {
+  async create(workspaceId: string, dto: CreatePropertyDto, actorId?: string) {
     const type = dto.type as BasePropertyTypeValue;
-    let validatedTypeOptions = null;
-
-    if (dto.typeOptions) {
-      validatedTypeOptions = parseTypeOptions(type, dto.typeOptions);
-    } else {
-      validatedTypeOptions = parseTypeOptions(type, {});
-    }
+    const validatedTypeOptions = dto.typeOptions
+      ? parseTypeOptionsOrThrow(type, dto.typeOptions)
+      : parseTypeOptionsOrThrow(type, {});
 
     const lastPosition = await this.basePropertyRepo.getLastPosition(
       dto.baseId,
     );
     const position = generateJitteredKeyBetween(lastPosition, null);
 
-    return this.basePropertyRepo.insertProperty({
-      baseId: dto.baseId,
-      name: dto.name,
-      type: dto.type,
-      position,
-      typeOptions: validatedTypeOptions as any,
-      workspaceId,
+    const created = await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
+      const row = await this.basePropertyRepo.insertProperty(
+        {
+          baseId: dto.baseId,
+          name: dto.name,
+          type: dto.type,
+          position,
+          typeOptions: validatedTypeOptions as any,
+          workspaceId,
+        },
+        trx,
+      );
+      await this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.baseId, trx);
+      return row;
     });
+
+    const event: BasePropertyCreatedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: null,
+      property: created,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_CREATED, event);
+
+    return created;
   }
 
-  async update(dto: UpdatePropertyDto) {
+  /*
+   * Metadata update. Three paths:
+   *
+   *  - Coercion-safe (number↔text, text↔url, etc.): flip the type/type
+   *    options in one transaction, bump schema_version, return. The engine
+   *    reads cells through schema-on-read extractors so no cell rewrite is
+   *    needed.
+   *  - ID-referencing or system-involving conversion with a small number
+   *    of rows: run the cell rewrite, flip the type, and bump
+   *    schema_version all in one transaction — the HTTP request waits but
+   *    nobody ever sees raw IDs under the new type.
+   *  - Same kind of conversion on a large base: stage the target type on
+   *    `pendingType` / `pendingTypeOptions`, keep the live `type` as-is,
+   *    enqueue the worker. Clients render under the old type (so cells
+   *    resolve to display names, not UUIDs) and show a "Converting…"
+   *    badge until the worker transaction commits and swaps the pending
+   *    pair onto `type`.
+   */
+  async update(
+    dto: UpdatePropertyDto,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    actorId?: string,
+  ) {
+    const t0 = Date.now();
+    const tick = (label: string) =>
+      this.logger.log(
+        `property-update ${dto.propertyId} ${label}=${Date.now() - t0}ms`,
+      );
+
     const property = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(dto.propertyId);
+    tick('after-findById');
     if (!property) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Property not found');
     }
@@ -66,56 +160,218 @@ export class BasePropertyService {
       throw new BadRequestException('Property does not belong to this base');
     }
 
+    // Block concurrent type changes — the worker still owns the previous
+    // conversion, and letting a second one through would race on `type`.
+    if (property.pendingType) {
+      throw new ConflictException(
+        'A type conversion is already in progress for this property',
+      );
+    }
+
     const isTypeChange = dto.type && dto.type !== property.type;
+    const oldType = property.type as BasePropertyTypeValue;
+    const oldTypeOptions = property.typeOptions;
     const newType = (dto.type ?? property.type) as BasePropertyTypeValue;
 
     let validatedTypeOptions = property.typeOptions;
     if (dto.typeOptions !== undefined) {
-      validatedTypeOptions = parseTypeOptions(newType, dto.typeOptions) as any;
+      validatedTypeOptions = parseTypeOptionsOrThrow(
+        newType,
+        dto.typeOptions,
+      ) as any;
     } else if (isTypeChange) {
       const result = validateTypeOptions(newType, {});
       validatedTypeOptions = result.success ? (result.data as any) : null;
     }
 
-    let conversionSummary: {
-      converted: number;
-      cleared: number;
-      total: number;
-    } | null = null;
+    const involvesSystem =
+      isSystemPropertyType(oldType) || isSystemPropertyType(newType);
+    const needsIdResolution = ID_REFERENCING_TYPES.has(oldType);
+    const needsCellRewrite =
+      isTypeChange && (involvesSystem || needsIdResolution);
 
-    if (isTypeChange) {
-      const involvesSystem =
-        isSystemPropertyType(property.type) || isSystemPropertyType(newType);
-
-      if (involvesSystem) {
-        conversionSummary = await this.clearCellValues(
-          dto.baseId,
+    // --- Path 1: no cell rewrite needed ---------------------------------
+    if (!needsCellRewrite) {
+      await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(
           dto.propertyId,
+          {
+            ...(dto.name !== undefined && { name: dto.name }),
+            ...(dto.type !== undefined && { type: dto.type }),
+            typeOptions: validatedTypeOptions,
+          },
+          trx,
         );
-      } else {
-        conversionSummary = await this.convertCellValues(
-          dto.baseId,
-          dto.propertyId,
-          property.type as BasePropertyTypeValue,
-          newType,
-        );
-      }
+        if (isTypeChange) {
+          await this.basePropertyRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.propertyId, trx);
+          await this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.baseId, trx);
+        }
+      });
+      return this.loadAndEmit(dto, workspaceId, actorId, null);
     }
 
-    await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(dto.propertyId, {
-      ...(dto.name !== undefined && { name: dto.name }),
-      ...(dto.type !== undefined && { type: dto.type }),
-      typeOptions: validatedTypeOptions,
-    });
+    // --- Path 2 or 3: cell rewrite needed -------------------------------
+    const conversionPayload: IBaseTypeConversionJob = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      propertyId: dto.propertyId,
+      workspaceId,
+      fromType: oldType,
+      toType: newType,
+      fromTypeOptions: oldTypeOptions,
+      toTypeOptions: validatedTypeOptions,
+      clearMode: involvesSystem,
+      actorId,
+    };
 
-    const updatedProperty = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(
+    // Count only the rows whose cell jsonb has this property's key — the
+    // set the worker will actually rewrite. A 100k-row base with the
+    // property set on 12 rows is trivial to convert inline; the previous
+    // count-all-live-rows check was routing those to the worker.
+    const rowsToConvert = await this.countRowsToConvert(
+      dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
       dto.propertyId,
     );
+    tick(`after-countRowsToConvert(${rowsToConvert})`);
 
-    return { property: updatedProperty, conversionSummary };
+    if (rowsToConvert <= INLINE_CONVERSION_ROW_LIMIT) {
+      tick('taking-inline-path');
+      // Path 2: inline rewrite. Apply the name-only fields (if any), run
+      // the rewrite, then flip the type — all in one transaction so
+      // readers only ever see a consistent snapshot.
+      const schemaVersion = await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
+        if (dto.name !== undefined) {
+          await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(
+            dto.propertyId,
+            { name: dto.name },
+            trx,
+          );
+        }
+        await processBaseTypeConversion(
+          this.db,
+          this.baseRowRepo,
+          conversionPayload,
+          { trx },
+        );
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(
+          dto.propertyId,
+          {
+            type: newType,
+            typeOptions: validatedTypeOptions,
+          },
+          trx,
+        );
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.propertyId, trx);
+        return this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.baseId, trx);
+      });
+      tick('inline-tx-done');
+      const bumpEvent: BaseSchemaBumpedEvent = {
+        baseId: dto.baseId,
+        workspaceId,
+        actorId: actorId ?? null,
+        requestId: null,
+        schemaVersion,
+      };
+      this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_SCHEMA_BUMPED, bumpEvent);
+      return this.loadAndEmit(dto, workspaceId, actorId, null);
+    }
+
+    // Path 3: stage the new type on pending_*, keep live `type` alone,
+    // and hand off to the worker. A best-effort revert clears the staging
+    // fields if the enqueue itself fails.
+    tick('taking-worker-path');
+    await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
+      await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(
+        dto.propertyId,
+        {
+          ...(dto.name !== undefined && { name: dto.name }),
+          pendingType: newType,
+          pendingTypeOptions: validatedTypeOptions,
+        },
+        trx,
+      );
+    });
+    tick('after-set-pending');
+
+    let jobId: string | null = null;
+    try {
+      const job = await this.baseQueue.add(
+        QueueJob.BASE_TYPE_CONVERSION,
+        conversionPayload,
+        { attempts: 1 },
+      );
+      jobId = String(job.id);
+      tick(`after-queue.add(${jobId})`);
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.logger.error(
+        `Enqueue of type-conversion failed for property ${dto.propertyId}; clearing pending state`,
+        err as Error,
+      );
+      try {
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.clearPendingTypeChange(dto.propertyId);
+      } catch (revertErr) {
+        this.logger.error(
+          `Failed to clear pending state on ${dto.propertyId}. Manual intervention required.`,
+          revertErr as Error,
+        );
+      }
+      throw new ServiceUnavailableException(
+        'Type conversion queue unavailable. Property update rolled back.',
+      );
+    }
+
+    const out = await this.loadAndEmit(dto, workspaceId, actorId, jobId);
+    tick('return');
+    return out;
   }
 
-  async delete(dto: DeletePropertyDto) {
+  /*
+   * Reloads the property and emits `base.property.updated`. The emission
+   * has to happen after the outer transaction commits so socket consumers
+   * never race ahead of visibility.
+   */
+  private async loadAndEmit(
+    dto: UpdatePropertyDto,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    actorId: string | undefined,
+    jobId: string | null,
+  ) {
+    const updated = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(dto.propertyId);
+    if (updated) {
+      const event: BasePropertyUpdatedEvent = {
+        baseId: dto.baseId,
+        workspaceId,
+        actorId: actorId ?? null,
+        requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+        property: updated,
+        schemaVersion: updated.schemaVersion,
+      };
+      this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_UPDATED, event);
+    }
+    return { property: updated, jobId };
+  }
+
+  private async countRowsToConvert(
+    baseId: string,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    propertyId: string,
+  ): Promise<number> {
+    const row = await this.db
+      .selectFrom('baseRows')
+      .select(sql<string>`count(*)`.as('n'))
+      .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', workspaceId)
+      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
+      .where(sql<SqlBool>`cells ? ${propertyId}`)
+      .executeTakeFirst();
+    return Number(row?.n ?? 0);
+  }
+
+  async delete(
+    dto: DeletePropertyDto,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    actorId?: string,
+  ) {
     const property = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(dto.propertyId);
     if (!property) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Property not found');
@@ -129,13 +385,56 @@ export class BasePropertyService {
       throw new BadRequestException('Cannot delete the primary property');
     }
 
+    // Soft-delete so queries filter the property out immediately, then
+    // enqueue cell-gc to scrub cell keys and hard-delete. If the enqueue
+    // fails, revert the soft-delete so the property isn't orphaned.
     await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
-      await this.basePropertyRepo.deleteProperty(dto.propertyId, trx);
-      await this.baseRowRepo.removeCellKey(dto.baseId, dto.propertyId, trx);
+      await this.basePropertyRepo.softDelete(dto.propertyId, trx);
+      await this.baseRepo.bumpSchemaVersion(dto.baseId, trx);
     });
+
+    const payload: IBaseCellGcJob = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      propertyId: dto.propertyId,
+      workspaceId,
+    };
+    try {
+      await this.baseQueue.add(QueueJob.BASE_CELL_GC, payload, { attempts: 2 });
+    } catch (err) {
+      this.logger.error(
+        `Enqueue of cell-gc failed for property ${dto.propertyId}; reverting soft-delete`,
+        err as Error,
+      );
+      try {
+        await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(dto.propertyId, {
+          deletedAt: null,
+        });
+      } catch (revertErr) {
+        this.logger.error(
+          `Revert failed for property ${dto.propertyId}. Manual intervention required.`,
+          revertErr as Error,
+        );
+      }
+      throw new ServiceUnavailableException(
+        'Cell-GC queue unavailable. Property delete rolled back.',
+      );
+    }
+
+    const event: BasePropertyDeletedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      propertyId: dto.propertyId,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_DELETED, event);
   }
 
-  async reorder(dto: ReorderPropertyDto) {
+  async reorder(
+    dto: ReorderPropertyDto,
+    workspaceId: string,
+    actorId?: string,
+  ) {
     const property = await this.basePropertyRepo.findById(dto.propertyId);
     if (!property) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Property not found');
@@ -148,69 +447,29 @@ export class BasePropertyService {
     await this.basePropertyRepo.updateProperty(dto.propertyId, {
       position: dto.position,
     });
-  }
 
-  private async clearCellValues(
-    baseId: string,
-    propertyId: string,
-  ): Promise<{ converted: number; cleared: number; total: number }> {
-    const rows = await this.baseRowRepo.findAllByBaseId(baseId);
-    const updates: Array<{ id: string; cells: Record<string, unknown> }> = [];
-
-    for (const row of rows) {
-      const cells = row.cells as Record<string, unknown>;
-      if (propertyId in cells) {
-        updates.push({ id: row.id, cells: { [propertyId]: null } });
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (updates.length > 0) {
-      await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
-        await this.baseRowRepo.batchUpdateCells(updates, trx);
-      });
-    }
-
-    return { converted: 0, cleared: updates.length, total: updates.length };
-  }
-
-  private async convertCellValues(
-    baseId: string,
-    propertyId: string,
-    fromType: BasePropertyTypeValue,
-    toType: BasePropertyTypeValue,
-  ): Promise<{ converted: number; cleared: number; total: number }> {
-    const rows = await this.baseRowRepo.findAllByBaseId(baseId);
-    let converted = 0;
-    let cleared = 0;
-    let total = 0;
-
-    const updates: Array<{ id: string; cells: Record<string, unknown> }> = [];
-
-    for (const row of rows) {
-      const cells = row.cells as Record<string, unknown>;
-      if (!(propertyId in cells)) {
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      total++;
-      const currentValue = cells[propertyId];
-      const result = attemptCellConversion(fromType, toType, currentValue);
-
-      if (result.converted) {
-        converted++;
-        updates.push({ id: row.id, cells: { [propertyId]: result.value } });
-      } else {
-        cleared++;
-        updates.push({ id: row.id, cells: { [propertyId]: null } });
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (updates.length > 0) {
-      await executeTx(this.db, async (trx) => {
-        await this.baseRowRepo.batchUpdateCells(updates, trx);
-      });
-    }
-
-    return { converted, cleared, total };
+    const event: BasePropertyReorderedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: actorId ?? null,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      propertyId: dto.propertyId,
+      position: dto.position,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_PROPERTY_REORDERED, event);
+  }
+}
+
+function parseTypeOptionsOrThrow(
+  type: BasePropertyTypeValue,
+  typeOptions: unknown,
+): unknown {
+  try {
+    return parseTypeOptions(type, typeOptions);
+  } catch (err) {
+    throw new BadRequestException({
+      message: 'Invalid typeOptions',
+      issues: (err as any)?.issues ?? [],
+    });
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-row.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-row.service.ts
index 398bc586..165aea9f 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-row.service.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-row.service.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   NotFoundException,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { InjectKysely } from 'nestjs-kysely';
+import { EventEmitter2 } from '@nestjs/event-emitter';
 import { KyselyDB } from '@docmost/db/types/kysely.types';
 import { BaseRowRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-row.repo';
 import { BasePropertyRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-property.repo';
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import { BaseViewRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-view.repo';
 import { CreateRowDto } from '../dto/create-row.dto';
 import {
   UpdateRowDto,
+  DeleteRowDto,
   ListRowsDto,
   ReorderRowDto,
 } from '../dto/update-row.dto';
@@ -22,6 +24,21 @@ import {
 import { generateJitteredKeyBetween } from 'fractional-indexing-jittered';
 import { PaginationOptions } from '@docmost/db/pagination/pagination-options';
 import { BaseProperty } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
+import {
+  FilterNode,
+  PropertySchema,
+  SearchSpec,
+  filterGroupSchema,
+  searchSchema,
+  validateFilterTree,
+} from '../engine';
+import { EventName } from '../../../common/events/event.contants';
+import {
+  BaseRowCreatedEvent,
+  BaseRowDeletedEvent,
+  BaseRowReorderedEvent,
+  BaseRowUpdatedEvent,
+} from '../events/base-events';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class BaseRowService {
@@ -30,19 +47,24 @@ export class BaseRowService {
     private readonly baseRowRepo: BaseRowRepo,
     private readonly basePropertyRepo: BasePropertyRepo,
     private readonly baseViewRepo: BaseViewRepo,
+    private readonly eventEmitter: EventEmitter2,
   ) {}
 
   async create(userId: string, workspaceId: string, dto: CreateRowDto) {
     let position: string;
 
     if (dto.afterRowId) {
-      const afterRow = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.afterRowId);
+      const afterRow = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.afterRowId, {
+        workspaceId,
+      });
       if (!afterRow || afterRow.baseId !== dto.baseId) {
         throw new BadRequestException('Invalid afterRowId');
       }
       position = generateJitteredKeyBetween(afterRow.position, null);
     } else {
-      const lastPosition = await this.baseRowRepo.getLastPosition(dto.baseId);
+      const lastPosition = await this.baseRowRepo.getLastPosition(dto.baseId, {
+        workspaceId,
+      });
       position = generateJitteredKeyBetween(lastPosition, null);
     }
 
@@ -52,68 +74,117 @@ export class BaseRowService {
       validatedCells = this.validateCells(dto.cells, properties);
     }
 
-    return this.baseRowRepo.insertRow({
+    const created = await this.baseRowRepo.insertRow({
       baseId: dto.baseId,
       cells: validatedCells as any,
       position,
       creatorId: userId,
       workspaceId,
     });
+
+    const event: BaseRowCreatedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      row: created,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_ROW_CREATED, event);
+
+    return created;
   }
 
-  async getRowInfo(rowId: string, baseId: string) {
-    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(rowId);
+  async getRowInfo(rowId: string, baseId: string, workspaceId: string) {
+    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(rowId, { workspaceId });
     if (!row || row.baseId !== baseId) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Row not found');
     }
     return row;
   }
 
-  async update(dto: UpdateRowDto, userId?: string) {
-    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.rowId);
+  async update(dto: UpdateRowDto, workspaceId: string, userId?: string) {
+    const properties = await this.basePropertyRepo.findByBaseId(dto.baseId);
+    const validatedCells = this.validateCells(dto.cells, properties);
+
+    const updated = await this.baseRowRepo.updateCells(
+      dto.rowId,
+      validatedCells,
+      {
+        baseId: dto.baseId,
+        workspaceId,
+        actorId: userId,
+      },
+    );
+
+    if (!updated) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Row not found');
+    }
+
+    const event: BaseRowUpdatedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId ?? null,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      rowId: dto.rowId,
+      patch: dto.cells,
+      updatedCells: validatedCells,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_ROW_UPDATED, event);
+
+    return updated;
+  }
+
+  async delete(dto: DeleteRowDto, workspaceId: string, userId?: string) {
+    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.rowId, { workspaceId });
     if (!row || row.baseId !== dto.baseId) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Row not found');
     }
 
-    const properties = await this.basePropertyRepo.findByBaseId(dto.baseId);
-    const validatedCells = this.validateCells(dto.cells, properties);
+    await this.baseRowRepo.softDelete(dto.rowId, {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+    });
 
-    await this.baseRowRepo.updateCells(dto.rowId, validatedCells, userId);
-
-    return this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.rowId);
+    const event: BaseRowDeletedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId ?? null,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      rowId: dto.rowId,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_ROW_DELETED, event);
   }
 
-  async delete(rowId: string, baseId: string) {
-    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(rowId);
-    if (!row || row.baseId !== baseId) {
-      throw new NotFoundException('Row not found');
-    }
-
-    await this.baseRowRepo.softDelete(rowId);
-  }
-
-  async list(dto: ListRowsDto, pagination: PaginationOptions) {
-    const hasFilters = dto.filters && dto.filters.length > 0;
-    const hasSorts = dto.sorts && dto.sorts.length > 0;
-
-    if (!hasFilters && !hasSorts) {
-      return this.baseRowRepo.findByBaseId(dto.baseId, pagination);
-    }
-
+  async list(
+    dto: ListRowsDto,
+    pagination: PaginationOptions,
+    workspaceId: string,
+  ) {
     const properties = await this.basePropertyRepo.findByBaseId(dto.baseId);
-    const propertyTypeMap = new Map(properties.map((p) => [p.id, p.type]));
-
-    return this.baseRowRepo.findByBaseIdFiltered(
-      dto.baseId,
-      dto.filters ?? [],
-      dto.sorts ?? [],
-      propertyTypeMap,
-      pagination,
+    const schema: PropertySchema = new Map(
+      properties.map((p) => [p.id, p]),
     );
+
+    const filter = this.normaliseFilter(dto);
+    const search = this.normaliseSearch(dto.search);
+    const sorts = dto.sorts?.map((s) => ({
+      propertyId: s.propertyId,
+      direction: s.direction,
+    }));
+
+    return this.baseRowRepo.list({
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      filter,
+      sorts,
+      search,
+      schema,
+      pagination,
+    });
   }
 
-  async reorder(dto: ReorderRowDto) {
-    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.rowId);
+  async reorder(dto: ReorderRowDto, workspaceId: string, userId?: string) {
+    const row = await this.baseRowRepo.findById(dto.rowId, { workspaceId });
     if (!row || row.baseId !== dto.baseId) {
       throw new NotFoundException('Row not found');
     }
@@ -124,7 +195,52 @@ export class BaseRowService {
       throw new BadRequestException('Invalid position value');
     }
 
-    await this.baseRowRepo.updatePosition(dto.rowId, dto.position);
+    await this.baseRowRepo.updatePosition(dto.rowId, dto.position, {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+    });
+
+    const event: BaseRowReorderedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId ?? null,
+      requestId: dto.requestId ?? null,
+      rowId: dto.rowId,
+      position: dto.position,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_ROW_REORDERED, event);
+  }
+
+  // --- private helpers ------------------------------------------------
+
+  private normaliseFilter(dto: ListRowsDto): FilterNode | undefined {
+    if (!dto.filter) return undefined;
+
+    const parsed = filterGroupSchema.safeParse(dto.filter);
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      throw new BadRequestException({
+        message: 'Invalid filter tree',
+        issues: parsed.error.issues,
+      });
+    }
+    try {
+      validateFilterTree(parsed.data);
+    } catch (err) {
+      throw new BadRequestException((err as Error).message);
+    }
+    return parsed.data;
+  }
+
+  private normaliseSearch(raw: unknown): SearchSpec | undefined {
+    if (raw == null) return undefined;
+    const parsed = searchSchema.safeParse(raw);
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      throw new BadRequestException({
+        message: 'Invalid search spec',
+        issues: parsed.error.issues,
+      });
+    }
+    return parsed.data;
   }
 
   private validateCells(
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-view.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-view.service.ts
index 1a940705..c7942fd5 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-view.service.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base-view.service.ts
@@ -3,15 +3,25 @@ import {
   Injectable,
   NotFoundException,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { EventEmitter2 } from '@nestjs/event-emitter';
 import { BaseViewRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-view.repo';
 import { CreateViewDto } from '../dto/create-view.dto';
 import { UpdateViewDto, DeleteViewDto } from '../dto/update-view.dto';
 import { viewConfigSchema } from '../base.schemas';
 import { generateJitteredKeyBetween } from 'fractional-indexing-jittered';
+import { EventName } from '../../../common/events/event.contants';
+import {
+  BaseViewCreatedEvent,
+  BaseViewDeletedEvent,
+  BaseViewUpdatedEvent,
+} from '../events/base-events';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class BaseViewService {
-  constructor(private readonly baseViewRepo: BaseViewRepo) {}
+  constructor(
+    private readonly baseViewRepo: BaseViewRepo,
+    private readonly eventEmitter: EventEmitter2,
+  ) {}
 
   async create(userId: string, workspaceId: string, dto: CreateViewDto) {
     let validatedConfig = {};
@@ -26,10 +36,12 @@ export class BaseViewService {
       validatedConfig = result.data;
     }
 
-    const lastPosition = await this.baseViewRepo.getLastPosition(dto.baseId);
+    const lastPosition = await this.baseViewRepo.getLastPosition(dto.baseId, {
+      workspaceId,
+    });
     const position = generateJitteredKeyBetween(lastPosition, null);
 
-    return this.baseViewRepo.insertView({
+    const created = await this.baseViewRepo.insertView({
       baseId: dto.baseId,
       name: dto.name,
       type: dto.type ?? 'table',
@@ -38,10 +50,21 @@ export class BaseViewService {
       workspaceId,
       creatorId: userId,
     });
+
+    const event: BaseViewCreatedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId,
+      requestId: null,
+      view: created,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_VIEW_CREATED, event);
+
+    return created;
   }
 
-  async update(dto: UpdateViewDto) {
-    const view = await this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId);
+  async update(dto: UpdateViewDto, workspaceId: string, userId?: string) {
+    const view = await this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId, { workspaceId });
     if (!view) {
       throw new NotFoundException('View not found');
     }
@@ -62,17 +85,36 @@ export class BaseViewService {
       validatedConfig = result.data;
     }
 
-    await this.baseViewRepo.updateView(dto.viewId, {
-      ...(dto.name !== undefined && { name: dto.name }),
-      ...(dto.type !== undefined && { type: dto.type }),
-      ...(validatedConfig !== undefined && { config: validatedConfig as any }),
+    await this.baseViewRepo.updateView(
+      dto.viewId,
+      {
+        ...(dto.name !== undefined && { name: dto.name }),
+        ...(dto.type !== undefined && { type: dto.type }),
+        ...(validatedConfig !== undefined && { config: validatedConfig as any }),
+      },
+      { workspaceId },
+    );
+
+    const updated = await this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId, {
+      workspaceId,
     });
 
-    return this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId);
+    if (updated) {
+      const event: BaseViewUpdatedEvent = {
+        baseId: dto.baseId,
+        workspaceId,
+        actorId: userId ?? null,
+        requestId: null,
+        view: updated,
+      };
+      this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_VIEW_UPDATED, event);
+    }
+
+    return updated;
   }
 
-  async delete(dto: DeleteViewDto) {
-    const view = await this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId);
+  async delete(dto: DeleteViewDto, workspaceId: string, userId?: string) {
+    const view = await this.baseViewRepo.findById(dto.viewId, { workspaceId });
     if (!view) {
       throw new NotFoundException('View not found');
     }
@@ -81,15 +123,26 @@ export class BaseViewService {
       throw new BadRequestException('View does not belong to this base');
     }
 
-    const viewCount = await this.baseViewRepo.countByBaseId(dto.baseId);
+    const viewCount = await this.baseViewRepo.countByBaseId(dto.baseId, {
+      workspaceId,
+    });
     if (viewCount <= 1) {
       throw new BadRequestException('Cannot delete the last view');
     }
 
-    await this.baseViewRepo.deleteView(dto.viewId);
+    await this.baseViewRepo.deleteView(dto.viewId, { workspaceId });
+
+    const event: BaseViewDeletedEvent = {
+      baseId: dto.baseId,
+      workspaceId,
+      actorId: userId ?? null,
+      requestId: null,
+      viewId: dto.viewId,
+    };
+    this.eventEmitter.emit(EventName.BASE_VIEW_DELETED, event);
   }
 
-  async listByBaseId(baseId: string) {
-    return this.baseViewRepo.findByBaseId(baseId);
+  async listByBaseId(baseId: string, workspaceId: string) {
+    return this.baseViewRepo.findByBaseId(baseId, { workspaceId });
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base.service.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base.service.ts
index a3ed057f..06ba569e 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base.service.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/services/base.service.ts
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export class BaseService {
           workspaceId,
           creatorId: userId,
         },
-        trx,
+        { trx },
       );
 
       return this.baseRepo.findById(base.id, {
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-cell-gc.task.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-cell-gc.task.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c701f2ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-cell-gc.task.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { BaseRowRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-row.repo';
+import { BasePropertyRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-property.repo';
+import { KyselyDB } from '@docmost/db/types/kysely.types';
+import { executeTx } from '@docmost/db/utils';
+import { IBaseCellGcJob } from '../../../integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface';
+
+const logger = new Logger('BaseCellGcTask');
+
+/*
+ * Removes a soft-deleted property's key from every row in the base, then
+ * hard-deletes the property record. Both operations run inside a single
+ * transaction — without it, a failure between `removeCellKey` and
+ * `hardDelete` leaves rows scrubbed while the property row lingers,
+ * requiring manual cleanup. `removeCellKey` is a single
+ * `UPDATE ... SET cells = cells - $propId` statement.
+ */
+export async function processBaseCellGc(
+  db: KyselyDB,
+  baseRowRepo: BaseRowRepo,
+  basePropertyRepo: BasePropertyRepo,
+  data: IBaseCellGcJob,
+): Promise<void> {
+  const { baseId, propertyId, workspaceId } = data;
+
+  await executeTx(db, async (trx) => {
+    await baseRowRepo.removeCellKey(baseId, propertyId, {
+      workspaceId,
+      trx,
+    });
+    await basePropertyRepo.hardDelete(propertyId, trx);
+  });
+
+  logger.log(`cell-gc complete base=${baseId} prop=${propertyId}`);
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-type-conversion.task.ts b/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-type-conversion.task.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..529202a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/core/base/tasks/base-type-conversion.task.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+import { Logger } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { KyselyDB, KyselyTransaction } from '@docmost/db/types/kysely.types';
+import { dbOrTx } from '@docmost/db/utils';
+import { BaseRowRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/base/base-row.repo';
+import {
+  BasePropertyType,
+  BasePropertyTypeValue,
+  CellConversionContext,
+  attemptCellConversion,
+} from '../base.schemas';
+import { IBaseTypeConversionJob } from '../../../integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface';
+
+const logger = new Logger('BaseTypeConversionTask');
+
+const CHUNK_SIZE = 1000;
+
+/*
+ * Handles the cell-rewrite side of a property type change on a base.
+ * Runs per-chunk batched UPDATEs so Node RAM stays flat regardless of row
+ * count. When the source type stores IDs (select / multiSelect / person /
+ * file), it resolves to display values before writing — fixing the
+ * `String(optionId)` bug that the old synchronous path produced.
+ *
+ * The `trx` option lets callers run the whole rewrite inside an outer
+ * transaction. That matters for the inline path in `BasePropertyService`,
+ * where the cell rewrite + `type` swap + `schema_version` bump must land
+ * atomically so readers never observe cells written for a type that hasn't
+ * flipped yet.
+ */
+export async function processBaseTypeConversion(
+  db: KyselyDB,
+  baseRowRepo: BaseRowRepo,
+  data: IBaseTypeConversionJob,
+  opts?: {
+    progress?: (processed: number) => Promise<void> | void;
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+  },
+): Promise<{ converted: number; cleared: number; total: number }> {
+  const {
+    baseId,
+    propertyId,
+    workspaceId,
+    fromType,
+    toType,
+    fromTypeOptions,
+    clearMode,
+    actorId,
+  } = data;
+
+  const progress = opts?.progress;
+  const trx = opts?.trx;
+  const queryDb = dbOrTx(db, trx);
+
+  let total = 0;
+  let converted = 0;
+  let cleared = 0;
+
+  // Only rows whose cell jsonb actually has this property key need
+  // rewriting — everything else is already consistent with the new type
+  // (empty value → empty value). Skips the full-table scan on bases
+  // where the property was only ever set on a few rows.
+  for await (const chunk of baseRowRepo.streamByBaseId(baseId, {
+    workspaceId,
+    chunkSize: CHUNK_SIZE,
+    trx,
+    withCellKey: propertyId,
+  })) {
+    const ctx = await buildCtx(
+      queryDb,
+      chunk,
+      propertyId,
+      fromType,
+      fromTypeOptions,
+    );
+    const updates: Array<{ id: string; patch: Record<string, unknown> }> = [];
+
+    for (const row of chunk) {
+      const cells = (row.cells ?? {}) as Record<string, unknown>;
+      if (!(propertyId in cells)) continue;
+      total++;
+
+      if (clearMode) {
+        updates.push({ id: row.id, patch: { [propertyId]: null } });
+        cleared++;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const result = attemptCellConversion(
+        fromType as BasePropertyTypeValue,
+        toType as BasePropertyTypeValue,
+        cells[propertyId],
+        ctx,
+      );
+      if (result.converted) {
+        converted++;
+        updates.push({
+          id: row.id,
+          patch: { [propertyId]: result.value ?? null },
+        });
+      } else {
+        cleared++;
+        updates.push({ id: row.id, patch: { [propertyId]: null } });
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (updates.length > 0) {
+      await baseRowRepo.batchUpdateCells(updates, {
+        baseId,
+        workspaceId,
+        actorId,
+        trx,
+      });
+    }
+
+    if (progress) await progress(total);
+  }
+
+  logger.log(
+    `type-conversion ${fromType}→${toType} base=${baseId} prop=${propertyId} total=${total} converted=${converted} cleared=${cleared}`,
+  );
+
+  return { converted, cleared, total };
+}
+
+/*
+ * Builds the resolution context for a chunk. For select/multiSelect the
+ * choice map lives in the property's typeOptions (already in the job
+ * payload). For person and file, we batch-query the IDs present in this
+ * chunk.
+ */
+async function buildCtx(
+  db: KyselyDB | KyselyTransaction,
+  chunk: Array<{ cells: unknown }>,
+  propertyId: string,
+  fromType: string,
+  fromTypeOptions: unknown,
+): Promise<CellConversionContext> {
+  const ctx: CellConversionContext = { fromTypeOptions };
+
+  if (fromType === BasePropertyType.PERSON) {
+    const ids = collectIds(chunk, propertyId);
+    if (ids.size > 0) {
+      const rows = await db
+        .selectFrom('users')
+        .select(['id', 'name', 'email'])
+        .where('id', 'in', Array.from(ids))
+        .execute();
+      ctx.userNames = new Map(
+        rows.map((u) => [u.id, u.name || u.email || '']),
+      );
+    }
+  } else if (fromType === BasePropertyType.FILE) {
+    const ids = collectFileIds(chunk, propertyId);
+    if (ids.size > 0) {
+      const rows = await db
+        .selectFrom('attachments')
+        .select(['id', 'fileName'])
+        .where('id', 'in', Array.from(ids))
+        .execute();
+      ctx.attachmentNames = new Map(rows.map((a) => [a.id, a.fileName]));
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ctx;
+}
+
+function collectIds(
+  chunk: Array<{ cells: unknown }>,
+  propertyId: string,
+): Set<string> {
+  const out = new Set<string>();
+  for (const row of chunk) {
+    const v = (row.cells as any)?.[propertyId];
+    if (v == null) continue;
+    if (Array.isArray(v)) {
+      for (const item of v) {
+        if (typeof item === 'string' && item.length > 0) out.add(item);
+      }
+    } else if (typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0) {
+      out.add(v);
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function collectFileIds(
+  chunk: Array<{ cells: unknown }>,
+  propertyId: string,
+): Set<string> {
+  const out = new Set<string>();
+  for (const row of chunk) {
+    const v = (row.cells as any)?.[propertyId];
+    if (!Array.isArray(v)) continue;
+    for (const f of v) {
+      if (typeof f === 'string' && f.length > 0) {
+        out.add(f);
+      } else if (f && typeof f === 'object' && typeof f.id === 'string') {
+        out.add(f.id);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260417T120000-bases-hardening.ts b/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260417T120000-bases-hardening.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..80a4b3e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260417T120000-bases-hardening.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+import { type Kysely, sql } from 'kysely';
+
+export async function up(db: Kysely<any>): Promise<void> {
+  // --- Columns -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_rows
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS search_text text,
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS search_tsv  tsvector
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_properties
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS schema_version integer NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS deleted_at     timestamptz
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE bases
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS schema_version integer NOT NULL DEFAULT 1
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Schema-on-read extractors ----------------------------------------
+  // Coercion-safe: uncoercible values return NULL, never raise.
+  // IMMUTABLE so the planner can inline them into expression indexes later.
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_cell_text(cells jsonb, prop uuid)
+    RETURNS text
+    LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$ SELECT cells->>prop::text $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_cell_numeric(cells jsonb, prop uuid)
+    RETURNS numeric
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        RETURN (cells->>prop::text)::numeric;
+      EXCEPTION WHEN others THEN
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_cell_timestamptz(cells jsonb, prop uuid)
+    RETURNS timestamptz
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        RETURN (cells->>prop::text)::timestamptz;
+      EXCEPTION WHEN others THEN
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_cell_bool(cells jsonb, prop uuid)
+    RETURNS boolean
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        RETURN (cells->>prop::text)::boolean;
+      EXCEPTION WHEN others THEN
+        RETURN NULL;
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_cell_array(cells jsonb, prop uuid)
+    RETURNS jsonb
+    LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$ SELECT cells->prop::text $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Surgical JSONB patch (vs. whole-blob `||`) -----------------------
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION jsonb_set_many(target jsonb, patches jsonb)
+    RETURNS jsonb
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$
+      DECLARE
+        k text;
+        v jsonb;
+        result jsonb := coalesce(target, '{}'::jsonb);
+      BEGIN
+        IF patches IS NULL OR jsonb_typeof(patches) <> 'object' THEN
+          RETURN result;
+        END IF;
+        FOR k, v IN SELECT * FROM jsonb_each(patches) LOOP
+          IF v = 'null'::jsonb THEN
+            result := result - k;
+          ELSE
+            result := jsonb_set(result, ARRAY[k], v, true);
+          END IF;
+        END LOOP;
+        RETURN result;
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Search text builder (select/multiSelect resolved to choice names) --
+  // STABLE (not IMMUTABLE) because it reads base_properties.
+  //
+  // Transaction-scoped cache: the property list for a given base_id is
+  // read once per transaction and cached via a local GUC. Bulk writes
+  // (CSV import, batch cell update, trigger on N rows) share one lookup
+  // instead of subquerying base_properties per row.
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION build_base_row_search_text(
+      _cells jsonb,
+      _base_id uuid
+    ) RETURNS text
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql STABLE PARALLEL SAFE
+    AS $$
+      DECLARE
+        _parts text[] := ARRAY[]::text[];
+        _prop  jsonb;
+        _value text;
+        _arr   jsonb;
+        _elem  jsonb;
+        _resolved text;
+        _cache_key text;
+        _cached    text;
+        _props     jsonb;
+      BEGIN
+        IF _cells IS NULL OR _cells = '{}'::jsonb OR _base_id IS NULL THEN
+          RETURN NULL;
+        END IF;
+
+        -- Transaction-scoped cache of the base's property list.
+        _cache_key := 'bases.prop_cache_' || replace(_base_id::text, '-', '_');
+        _cached := current_setting(_cache_key, true);
+        IF _cached IS NULL OR _cached = '' THEN
+          SELECT coalesce(
+            jsonb_agg(jsonb_build_object(
+              'id', id,
+              'type', type,
+              'type_options', type_options
+            )),
+            '[]'::jsonb
+          )
+            INTO _props
+            FROM base_properties
+            WHERE base_id = _base_id AND deleted_at IS NULL;
+          PERFORM set_config(_cache_key, _props::text, true);
+        ELSE
+          _props := _cached::jsonb;
+        END IF;
+
+        FOR _prop IN SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements(_props)
+        LOOP
+          IF (_prop->>'type') IN ('text', 'url', 'email') THEN
+            _value := _cells->>(_prop->>'id');
+            IF _value IS NOT NULL AND _value <> '' THEN
+              _parts := array_append(_parts, _value);
+            END IF;
+
+          ELSIF (_prop->>'type') IN ('select', 'status') THEN
+            _value := _cells->>(_prop->>'id');
+            IF _value IS NOT NULL AND _value <> '' THEN
+              SELECT c->>'name' INTO _resolved
+                FROM jsonb_array_elements(coalesce(_prop->'type_options'->'choices', '[]'::jsonb)) AS c
+                WHERE c->>'id' = _value
+                LIMIT 1;
+              IF _resolved IS NOT NULL AND _resolved <> '' THEN
+                _parts := array_append(_parts, _resolved);
+              END IF;
+            END IF;
+
+          ELSIF (_prop->>'type') = 'multiSelect' THEN
+            _arr := _cells->(_prop->>'id');
+            IF jsonb_typeof(_arr) = 'array' THEN
+              FOR _elem IN SELECT * FROM jsonb_array_elements(_arr)
+              LOOP
+                SELECT c->>'name' INTO _resolved
+                  FROM jsonb_array_elements(coalesce(_prop->'type_options'->'choices', '[]'::jsonb)) AS c
+                  WHERE c->>'id' = _elem#>>'{}'
+                  LIMIT 1;
+                IF _resolved IS NOT NULL AND _resolved <> '' THEN
+                  _parts := array_append(_parts, _resolved);
+                END IF;
+              END LOOP;
+            END IF;
+          END IF;
+        END LOOP;
+
+        IF array_length(_parts, 1) IS NULL THEN
+          RETURN NULL;
+        END IF;
+
+        RETURN f_unaccent(array_to_string(_parts, ' '));
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Row search trigger -----------------------------------------------
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION base_rows_search_trigger() RETURNS trigger
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $$
+      BEGIN
+        NEW.search_text := build_base_row_search_text(NEW.cells, NEW.base_id);
+        NEW.search_tsv  := to_tsvector('english', coalesce(NEW.search_text, ''));
+        RETURN NEW;
+      END;
+    $$
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER base_rows_search_update
+      BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON base_rows
+      FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION base_rows_search_trigger()
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Indexes ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+  // Replace the default-opclass GIN created by the initial bases migration
+  // with the smaller/faster jsonb_path_ops variant. No row-data backfill:
+  // this branch is dev-only; the trigger populates search_text /
+  // search_tsv on the next write to each row.
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin`.execute(db);
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin_path_ops
+      ON base_rows USING gin (cells jsonb_path_ops)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Complementary default-opclass GIN so the `?` / `?|` / `?&` key-existence
+  // operators are index-satisfiable — `jsonb_path_ops` above only covers
+  // `@>`. Type-conversion and cell-GC paths filter `cells ? propertyId`;
+  // without this the planner falls back to SEQ SCAN (~900ms on 100k rows).
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin_keys
+      ON base_rows USING gin (cells)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Workhorse for paginated list: (base_id, position, id) on live rows.
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_alive
+      ON base_rows (base_id, position COLLATE "C", id)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Common "most recently edited" sort.
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_updated
+      ON base_rows (base_id, updated_at DESC)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_created
+      ON base_rows (base_id, created_at DESC)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Fulltext + trigram search indexes.
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_search_tsv
+      ON base_rows USING gin (search_tsv)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_search_trgm
+      ON base_rows USING gin (search_text gin_trgm_ops)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Tenant-scoped scans defense-in-depth.
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_workspace
+      ON base_rows (workspace_id, base_id)
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // Live properties per base (deleted_at partial).
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_properties_base_alive
+      ON base_properties (base_id, position COLLATE "C", id)
+      WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
+  `.execute(db);
+}
+
+export async function down(db: Kysely<any>): Promise<void> {
+  // --- Drop new indexes -------------------------------------------------
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_properties_base_alive`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_workspace`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_search_trgm`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_search_tsv`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_created`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_updated`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_base_alive`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin_keys`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin_path_ops`.execute(db);
+
+  // Restore the original GIN that the initial bases migration created.
+  await sql`
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_base_rows_cells_gin
+      ON base_rows USING gin (cells)
+  `.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Drop trigger, trigger fn, helpers --------------------------------
+  await sql`DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS base_rows_search_update ON base_rows`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_rows_search_trigger()`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS build_base_row_search_text(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS jsonb_set_many(jsonb, jsonb)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_cell_array(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_cell_bool(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_cell_timestamptz(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_cell_numeric(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+  await sql`DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS base_cell_text(jsonb, uuid)`.execute(db);
+
+  // --- Drop columns -----------------------------------------------------
+  await sql`ALTER TABLE bases DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS schema_version`.execute(db);
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_properties
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS deleted_at,
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS schema_version
+  `.execute(db);
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_rows
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS search_tsv,
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS search_text
+  `.execute(db);
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260418T120000-property-pending-type.ts b/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260418T120000-property-pending-type.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..642be55e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/migrations/20260418T120000-property-pending-type.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { type Kysely, sql } from 'kysely';
+
+/*
+ * Adds `pending_type` / `pending_type_options` to `base_properties` so
+ * async type conversions can run without flipping the live type prematurely.
+ * The worker swaps them onto `type` / `type_options` in the same
+ * transaction that bumps schema_version, so clients never observe raw IDs
+ * under a post-conversion type.
+ */
+export async function up(db: Kysely<any>): Promise<void> {
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_properties
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS pending_type         varchar,
+      ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS pending_type_options jsonb
+  `.execute(db);
+}
+
+export async function down(db: Kysely<any>): Promise<void> {
+  await sql`
+    ALTER TABLE base_properties
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS pending_type_options,
+      DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS pending_type
+  `.execute(db);
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-property.repo.ts b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-property.repo.ts
index 46158172..2b0281d0 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-property.repo.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-property.repo.ts
@@ -15,14 +15,15 @@ export class BasePropertyRepo {
 
   async findById(
     propertyId: string,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
+    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction; includeDeleted?: boolean },
   ): Promise<BaseProperty | undefined> {
     const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
-    return db
+    let qb = db
       .selectFrom('baseProperties')
       .selectAll()
-      .where('id', '=', propertyId)
-      .executeTakeFirst() as Promise<BaseProperty | undefined>;
+      .where('id', '=', propertyId);
+    if (!opts?.includeDeleted) qb = qb.where('deletedAt', 'is', null);
+    return qb.executeTakeFirst() as Promise<BaseProperty | undefined>;
   }
 
   async findByBaseId(
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ export class BasePropertyRepo {
       .selectFrom('baseProperties')
       .selectAll()
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
       .orderBy('position', 'asc')
       .execute() as Promise<BaseProperty[]>;
   }
@@ -78,7 +80,19 @@ export class BasePropertyRepo {
       .execute();
   }
 
-  async deleteProperty(
+  async softDelete(
+    propertyId: string,
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    await db
+      .updateTable('baseProperties')
+      .set({ deletedAt: new Date(), updatedAt: new Date() })
+      .where('id', '=', propertyId)
+      .execute();
+  }
+
+  async hardDelete(
     propertyId: string,
     trx?: KyselyTransaction,
   ): Promise<void> {
@@ -88,4 +102,60 @@ export class BasePropertyRepo {
       .where('id', '=', propertyId)
       .execute();
   }
+
+  async bumpSchemaVersion(
+    propertyId: string,
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    await db
+      .updateTable('baseProperties')
+      .set({
+        schemaVersion: sql`schema_version + 1`,
+        updatedAt: new Date(),
+      })
+      .where('id', '=', propertyId)
+      .execute();
+  }
+
+  /*
+   * Promotes `pending_type` / `pending_type_options` onto the live `type` /
+   * `type_options` columns and clears the pending pair. No-op if no
+   * conversion was pending. Caller is responsible for doing this inside the
+   * same transaction as the cell rewrite so readers never see a
+   * half-converted state.
+   */
+  async commitPendingTypeChange(
+    propertyId: string,
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    await db
+      .updateTable('baseProperties')
+      .set({
+        type: sql`coalesce(pending_type, type)`,
+        typeOptions: sql`coalesce(pending_type_options, type_options)`,
+        pendingType: null,
+        pendingTypeOptions: null,
+        updatedAt: new Date(),
+      })
+      .where('id', '=', propertyId)
+      .execute();
+  }
+
+  async clearPendingTypeChange(
+    propertyId: string,
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    await db
+      .updateTable('baseProperties')
+      .set({
+        pendingType: null,
+        pendingTypeOptions: null,
+        updatedAt: new Date(),
+      })
+      .where('id', '=', propertyId)
+      .execute();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-row.repo.ts b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-row.repo.ts
index f2889445..8096c2f8 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-row.repo.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-row.repo.ts
@@ -7,21 +7,39 @@ import {
   InsertableBaseRow,
 } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
 import { PaginationOptions } from '@docmost/db/pagination/pagination-options';
-import { executeWithCursorPagination } from '@docmost/db/pagination/cursor-pagination';
-import { sql, SelectQueryBuilder, SqlBool } from 'kysely';
-import { DB } from '@docmost/db/types/db';
+import {
+  CursorPaginationResult,
+  executeWithCursorPagination,
+} from '@docmost/db/pagination/cursor-pagination';
+import { sql, SqlBool } from 'kysely';
+import {
+  FilterNode,
+  PropertySchema,
+  SearchSpec,
+  SortSpec,
+  runListQuery,
+} from '../../../core/base/engine';
 
-const SYSTEM_COLUMN_MAP: Record<string, string> = {
-  createdAt: 'createdAt',
-  lastEditedAt: 'updatedAt',
-  lastEditedBy: 'lastUpdatedById',
-};
+type RepoOpts = { trx?: KyselyTransaction };
+type WorkspaceOpts = { workspaceId: string } & RepoOpts;
 
-const ARRAY_TYPES = new Set(['multiSelect', 'person', 'file']);
-
-function escapeIlike(value: string): string {
-  return value.replace(/[%_\\]/g, '\\$&');
-}
+// Columns that make up the public `BaseRow` shape.
+// `search_text` and `search_tsv` are internal fulltext-index columns
+// maintained by a trigger — they must never leak into API responses or
+// socket payloads. Every SELECT/RETURNING path in this repo references
+// this constant.
+const BASE_ROW_COLUMNS = [
+  'id',
+  'baseId',
+  'cells',
+  'position',
+  'creatorId',
+  'lastUpdatedById',
+  'workspaceId',
+  'createdAt',
+  'updatedAt',
+  'deletedAt',
+] as const;
 
 @Injectable()
 export class BaseRowRepo {
@@ -29,54 +47,82 @@ export class BaseRowRepo {
 
   async findById(
     rowId: string,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<BaseRow | undefined> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
-    return db
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
+    return (await db
       .selectFrom('baseRows')
-      .selectAll()
+      .select(BASE_ROW_COLUMNS)
       .where('id', '=', rowId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
-      .executeTakeFirst() as Promise<BaseRow | undefined>;
+      .executeTakeFirst()) as BaseRow | undefined;
   }
 
-  async findByBaseId(
-    baseId: string,
-    pagination: PaginationOptions,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
-  ) {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
+  async list(opts: {
+    baseId: string;
+    workspaceId: string;
+    filter?: FilterNode;
+    sorts?: SortSpec[];
+    search?: SearchSpec;
+    schema: PropertySchema;
+    pagination: PaginationOptions;
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+  }): Promise<CursorPaginationResult<BaseRow>> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
 
-    const query = db
+    const base = db
       .selectFrom('baseRows')
-      .selectAll()
-      .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .select(BASE_ROW_COLUMNS)
+      .where('baseId', '=', opts.baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .where('deletedAt', 'is', null);
 
-    return executeWithCursorPagination(query, {
-      perPage: pagination.limit,
-      cursor: pagination.cursor,
-      beforeCursor: pagination.beforeCursor,
-      fields: [
-        { expression: 'position', direction: 'asc' },
-        { expression: 'id', direction: 'asc' },
-      ],
-      parseCursor: (cursor) => ({
-        position: cursor.position,
-        id: cursor.id,
-      }),
+    const hasFilterSortSearch =
+      !!opts.filter || (opts.sorts && opts.sorts.length > 0) || !!opts.search;
+
+    if (!hasFilterSortSearch) {
+      // Fast path: keyset-paginated list ordered by (position COLLATE "C", id)
+      // to match idx_base_rows_base_alive. Without the collation hint the
+      // planner falls back to a Sort node on every page.
+      return executeWithCursorPagination(base as any, {
+        perPage: opts.pagination.limit,
+        cursor: opts.pagination.cursor,
+        beforeCursor: opts.pagination.beforeCursor,
+        fields: [
+          {
+            expression: sql`position COLLATE "C"`,
+            direction: 'asc',
+            key: 'position',
+          },
+          { expression: 'id', direction: 'asc', key: 'id' },
+        ],
+        parseCursor: (c) => ({
+          position: c.position,
+          id: c.id,
+        }),
+      } as any) as unknown as Promise<CursorPaginationResult<BaseRow>>;
+    }
+
+    return runListQuery(base as any, {
+      filter: opts.filter,
+      sorts: opts.sorts,
+      search: opts.search,
+      schema: opts.schema,
+      pagination: opts.pagination,
     });
   }
 
   async getLastPosition(
     baseId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<string | null> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     const result = await db
       .selectFrom('baseRows')
       .select('position')
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
       .orderBy(sql`position COLLATE "C"`, sql`DESC`)
       .limit(1)
@@ -86,425 +132,199 @@ export class BaseRowRepo {
 
   async insertRow(
     row: InsertableBaseRow,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts?: RepoOpts,
   ): Promise<BaseRow> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
-    return db
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
+    return (await db
       .insertInto('baseRows')
       .values(row)
-      .returningAll()
-      .executeTakeFirstOrThrow() as Promise<BaseRow>;
+      .returning(BASE_ROW_COLUMNS)
+      .executeTakeFirstOrThrow()) as BaseRow;
   }
 
+  /*
+   * Merges `patch` into the row's cells via `jsonb_set_many` and returns
+   * the updated row (public columns only — search_text/search_tsv are
+   * excluded from RETURNING). Single round-trip; replaces the old
+   * "updateCells + findById" two-query dance.
+   */
   async updateCells(
     rowId: string,
-    cells: Record<string, unknown>,
-    userId?: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
-  ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
-    await db
+    patch: Record<string, unknown>,
+    opts: {
+      baseId: string;
+      workspaceId: string;
+      actorId?: string;
+      trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+    },
+  ): Promise<BaseRow | undefined> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
+    // Cast through text because postgres.js auto-detects a JSON-shaped
+    // string as jsonb and re-encodes it, producing a jsonb *string* instead
+    // of an object — which `jsonb_set_many` then treats as a no-op.
+    const patchJson = JSON.stringify(patch);
+    return (await db
       .updateTable('baseRows')
       .set({
-        cells: sql`cells || ${cells}`,
+        cells: sql`jsonb_set_many(cells, ${patchJson}::text::jsonb)`,
         updatedAt: new Date(),
-        lastUpdatedById: userId ?? null,
+        lastUpdatedById: opts.actorId ?? null,
       })
       .where('id', '=', rowId)
+      .where('baseId', '=', opts.baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
-      .execute();
+      .returning(BASE_ROW_COLUMNS)
+      .executeTakeFirst()) as BaseRow | undefined;
   }
 
   async updatePosition(
     rowId: string,
     position: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: {
+      baseId: string;
+      workspaceId: string;
+      trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+    },
   ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     await db
       .updateTable('baseRows')
       .set({ position, updatedAt: new Date() })
       .where('id', '=', rowId)
+      .where('baseId', '=', opts.baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
+      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
       .execute();
   }
 
-  async softDelete(rowId: string, trx?: KyselyTransaction): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+  async softDelete(
+    rowId: string,
+    opts: {
+      baseId: string;
+      workspaceId: string;
+      trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+    },
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     await db
       .updateTable('baseRows')
       .set({ deletedAt: new Date() })
       .where('id', '=', rowId)
+      .where('baseId', '=', opts.baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
+      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
       .execute();
   }
 
   async removeCellKey(
     baseId: string,
     propertyId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     await db
       .updateTable('baseRows')
       .set({
-        cells: sql`cells - ${propertyId}`,
+        cells: sql`cells - ${propertyId}::text`,
         updatedAt: new Date(),
       })
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .execute();
   }
 
-  async findAllByBaseId(
+  /*
+   * Streams every live row of a base in deterministic order via keyset
+   * pagination so async jobs (type-conversion, cell-gc, export) can process
+   * large bases without loading the full set into memory.
+   *
+   * `withCellKey` restricts the scan to rows whose cell jsonb contains
+   * that top-level key. Type-conversion callers pass the property ID so
+   * we don't drag 100k empty rows through Node just to rewrite a dozen.
+   */
+  async *streamByBaseId(
     baseId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
-  ): Promise<BaseRow[]> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
-    return db
-      .selectFrom('baseRows')
-      .selectAll()
-      .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
-      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
-      .execute() as Promise<BaseRow[]>;
+    opts: {
+      workspaceId: string;
+      chunkSize?: number;
+      trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+      withCellKey?: string;
+    },
+  ): AsyncGenerator<BaseRow[], void, void> {
+    const chunkSize = opts.chunkSize ?? 1000;
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
+    let afterPosition: string | null = null;
+    let afterId: string | null = null;
+
+    while (true) {
+      let qb = db
+        .selectFrom('baseRows')
+        .select(BASE_ROW_COLUMNS)
+        .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+        .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
+        .where('deletedAt', 'is', null)
+        .orderBy(sql`position COLLATE "C"`, 'asc')
+        .orderBy('id', 'asc')
+        .limit(chunkSize);
+
+      if (opts.withCellKey) {
+        qb = qb.where(sql<SqlBool>`cells ? ${opts.withCellKey}`);
+      }
+
+      if (afterPosition !== null && afterId !== null) {
+        qb = qb.where((eb) =>
+          eb.or([
+            eb(sql`position COLLATE "C"`, '>', afterPosition!),
+            eb.and([
+              eb(sql`position COLLATE "C"`, '=', afterPosition!),
+              eb('id', '>', afterId!),
+            ]),
+          ]),
+        );
+      }
+
+      const chunk = (await qb.execute()) as BaseRow[];
+      if (chunk.length === 0) return;
+      yield chunk;
+      if (chunk.length < chunkSize) return;
+      const last = chunk[chunk.length - 1];
+      afterPosition = last.position;
+      afterId = last.id;
+    }
   }
 
+  /*
+   * Real batch: one `UPDATE ... FROM (SELECT unnest($ids), unnest($patches))`
+   * per call. Callers chunk (typically 1000 per call) from inside a BullMQ
+   * job. `cells` is merged via `jsonb_set_many` so only touched subtrees
+   * rewrite.
+   */
   async batchUpdateCells(
-    updates: Array<{ id: string; cells: Record<string, unknown> }>,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    updates: Array<{ id: string; patch: Record<string, unknown> }>,
+    opts: {
+      baseId: string;
+      workspaceId: string;
+      actorId?: string;
+      trx?: KyselyTransaction;
+    },
   ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
-    for (const update of updates) {
-      await db
-        .updateTable('baseRows')
-        .set({
-          cells: sql`cells || ${update.cells}`,
-          updatedAt: new Date(),
-        })
-        .where('id', '=', update.id)
-        .execute();
-    }
-  }
+    if (updates.length === 0) return;
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
 
-  async findByBaseIdFiltered(
-    baseId: string,
-    filters: Array<{ propertyId: string; operator: string; value?: unknown }>,
-    sorts: Array<{ propertyId: string; direction: string }>,
-    propertyTypeMap: Map<string, string>,
-    pagination: PaginationOptions,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
-  ) {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
+    const ids = updates.map((u) => u.id);
+    const patches = updates.map((u) => JSON.stringify(u.patch));
 
-    let query = db
-      .selectFrom('baseRows')
-      .selectAll()
-      .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
-      .where('deletedAt', 'is', null) as SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any>;
-
-    // Apply filters
-    for (const filter of filters) {
-      query = this.applyFilter(query, filter, propertyTypeMap);
-    }
-
-    // Build cursor-compatible sort fields.
-    // COALESCE sort expressions so NULLs never reach the cursor encoder/comparator.
-    // ASC NULLS LAST  → COALESCE(expr, <high sentinel>)
-    // DESC NULLS LAST → COALESCE(expr, <low sentinel>)
-    const sortMeta: Array<{
-      alias: string;
-      expression: ReturnType<typeof sql>;
-      direction: 'asc' | 'desc';
-      isNumeric: boolean;
-    }> = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < sorts.length; i++) {
-      const sort = sorts[i];
-      const type = propertyTypeMap.get(sort.propertyId);
-      if (!type) continue;
-
-      const dir = (sort.direction === 'desc' ? 'desc' : 'asc') as 'asc' | 'desc';
-      const alias = `s${i}`;
-      let expression: ReturnType<typeof sql>;
-      let isNumeric = false;
-
-      const systemCol = SYSTEM_COLUMN_MAP[type];
-      if (systemCol) {
-        // System columns (createdAt, updatedAt) are NOT NULL — no COALESCE needed
-        expression = sql`"${sql.raw(systemCol)}"`;
-      } else if (type === 'number') {
-        isNumeric = true;
-        const sentinel = dir === 'asc' ? "'Infinity'::numeric" : "'-Infinity'::numeric";
-        expression = sql`COALESCE((cells->>'${sql.raw(sort.propertyId)}')::numeric, ${sql.raw(sentinel)})`;
-      } else {
-        // Text, date, select, etc.
-        const sentinel = dir === 'asc' ? 'chr(1114111)' : "''";
-        expression = sql`COALESCE(cells->>'${sql.raw(sort.propertyId)}', ${sql.raw(sentinel)})`;
-      }
-
-      sortMeta.push({ alias, expression, direction: dir, isNumeric });
-      query = query.select(expression.as(alias)) as any;
-    }
-
-    // Cursor pagination fields: sort aliases + position + id tiebreakers.
-    // executeWithCursorPagination applies ORDER BY and builds the keyset WHERE from these.
-    const fields = [
-      ...sortMeta.map(({ alias, expression, direction }) => ({
-        expression,
-        direction,
-        key: alias,
-      })),
-      { expression: 'position' as any, direction: 'asc' as const, key: 'position' },
-      { expression: 'id' as any, direction: 'asc' as const, key: 'id' },
-    ];
-
-    return executeWithCursorPagination(query as any, {
-      perPage: pagination.limit,
-      cursor: pagination.cursor,
-      beforeCursor: pagination.beforeCursor,
-      fields: fields as any,
-      encodeCursor: (values: Array<[string, unknown]>) => {
-        const cursor = new URLSearchParams();
-        for (const [key, value] of values) {
-          if (value === null || value === undefined) {
-            cursor.set(key, '__null__');
-          } else if (value instanceof Date) {
-            cursor.set(key, value.toISOString());
-          } else {
-            cursor.set(key, String(value));
-          }
-        }
-        return Buffer.from(cursor.toString(), 'utf8').toString('base64url');
-      },
-      decodeCursor: (cursorStr: string, fieldNames: string[]) => {
-        const parsed = new URLSearchParams(
-          Buffer.from(cursorStr, 'base64url').toString('utf8'),
-        );
-        const result: Record<string, string> = {};
-        for (const name of fieldNames) {
-          result[name] = parsed.get(name) ?? '';
-        }
-        return result;
-      },
-      parseCursor: (decoded: any) => {
-        const result: Record<string, unknown> = {};
-        for (const { alias, isNumeric } of sortMeta) {
-          const val = decoded[alias];
-          if (val === '__null__') {
-            result[alias] = null;
-          } else {
-            result[alias] = isNumeric ? parseFloat(val) : val;
-          }
-        }
-        result.position = decoded.position;
-        result.id = decoded.id;
-        return result;
-      },
-    } as any);
-  }
-
-  private applyFilter(
-    query: SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any>,
-    filter: { propertyId: string; operator: string; value?: unknown },
-    propertyTypeMap: Map<string, string>,
-  ): SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any> {
-    const { propertyId, operator, value } = filter;
-    const propertyType = propertyTypeMap.get(propertyId);
-    if (!propertyType) return query;
-
-    // System property -> use actual column
-    const systemCol = SYSTEM_COLUMN_MAP[propertyType];
-    if (systemCol) {
-      return this.applyColumnFilter(query, systemCol, operator, value, propertyType);
-    }
-
-    const isArray = ARRAY_TYPES.has(propertyType);
-
-    // isEmpty / isNotEmpty don't need a value
-    if (operator === 'isEmpty') {
-      if (isArray) {
-        return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-          or([
-            eb(sql.raw(`cells->'${propertyId}'`), 'is', null),
-            eb(sql`jsonb_array_length(cells->'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')`, '=', 0),
-          ]),
-        );
-      }
-      return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-        or([
-          eb(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), 'is', null),
-          eb(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '=', ''),
-        ]),
-      );
-    }
-
-    if (operator === 'isNotEmpty') {
-      if (isArray) {
-        return query
-          .where(sql.raw(`cells->'${propertyId}'`), 'is not', null)
-          .where(sql`jsonb_array_length(cells->'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')`, '>', 0);
-      }
-      return query
-        .where(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), 'is not', null)
-        .where(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '!=', '');
-    }
-
-    if (value === undefined || value === null) return query;
-
-    // contains / notContains - text search
-    if (operator === 'contains') {
-      return query.where(
-        sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`),
-        'ilike',
-        `%${escapeIlike(String(value))}%`,
-      );
-    }
-    if (operator === 'notContains') {
-      return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-        or([
-          eb(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), 'is', null),
-          eb(
-            sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`),
-            'not ilike',
-            `%${escapeIlike(String(value))}%`,
-          ),
-        ]),
-      );
-    }
-
-    // equals / notEquals
-    if (operator === 'equals') {
-      if (isArray) {
-        return query.where(
-          sql<SqlBool>`cells->'${sql.raw(propertyId)}' @> ${JSON.stringify([value])}::jsonb`,
-        );
-      }
-      if (propertyType === 'number') {
-        return query.where(
-          sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::numeric = ${Number(value)}`,
-        );
-      }
-      if (propertyType === 'checkbox') {
-        return query.where(
-          sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::boolean = ${Boolean(value)}`,
-        );
-      }
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '=', String(value));
-    }
-
-    if (operator === 'notEquals') {
-      if (isArray) {
-        return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-          or([
-            eb(sql.raw(`cells->'${propertyId}'`), 'is', null),
-            sql<SqlBool>`NOT (cells->'${sql.raw(propertyId)}' @> ${JSON.stringify([value])}::jsonb)`,
-          ]),
-        );
-      }
-      if (propertyType === 'number') {
-        return query.where(
-          sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::numeric != ${Number(value)}`,
-        );
-      }
-      if (propertyType === 'checkbox') {
-        return query.where(
-          sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::boolean != ${Boolean(value)}`,
-        );
-      }
-      return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-        or([
-          eb(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), 'is', null),
-          eb(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '!=', String(value)),
-        ]),
-      );
-    }
-
-    // greaterThan / lessThan - number
-    if (operator === 'greaterThan') {
-      return query.where(
-        sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::numeric > ${Number(value)}`,
-      );
-    }
-    if (operator === 'lessThan') {
-      return query.where(
-        sql<SqlBool>`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::numeric < ${Number(value)}`,
-      );
-    }
-
-    // before / after - date
-    if (operator === 'before') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '<', String(value));
-    }
-    if (operator === 'after') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`), '>', String(value));
-    }
-
-    return query;
-  }
-
-  private applyColumnFilter(
-    query: SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any>,
-    column: string,
-    operator: string,
-    value: unknown,
-    propertyType: string,
-  ): SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any> {
-    if (operator === 'isEmpty') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), 'is', null);
-    }
-    if (operator === 'isNotEmpty') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), 'is not', null);
-    }
-
-    if (value === undefined || value === null) return query;
-
-    if (operator === 'equals') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), '=', value);
-    }
-    if (operator === 'notEquals') {
-      return query.where(({ or, eb }) =>
-        or([
-          eb(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), 'is', null),
-          eb(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), '!=', value),
-        ]),
-      );
-    }
-    if (operator === 'before') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), '<', value);
-    }
-    if (operator === 'after') {
-      return query.where(sql.raw(`"${column}"`), '>', value);
-    }
-
-    return query;
-  }
-
-  private applySort(
-    query: SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any>,
-    sort: { propertyId: string; direction: string },
-    propertyTypeMap: Map<string, string>,
-  ): SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'baseRows', any> {
-    const { propertyId, direction } = sort;
-    const propertyType = propertyTypeMap.get(propertyId);
-    if (!propertyType) return query;
-
-    const dir = direction === 'desc' ? 'desc' : 'asc';
-
-    // System property -> use actual column
-    const systemCol = SYSTEM_COLUMN_MAP[propertyType];
-    if (systemCol) {
-      return query.orderBy(sql.raw(`"${systemCol}"`), sql`${sql.raw(dir)} NULLS LAST`);
-    }
-
-    // Number properties: cast to numeric for proper numeric ordering
-    if (propertyType === 'number') {
-      return query.orderBy(
-        sql`(cells->>'${sql.raw(propertyId)}')::numeric`,
-        sql`${sql.raw(dir)} NULLS LAST`,
-      );
-    }
-
-    // All other properties: use text extraction
-    return query.orderBy(
-      sql.raw(`cells->>'${propertyId}'`),
-      sql`${sql.raw(dir)} NULLS LAST`,
-    );
+    await sql`
+      UPDATE base_rows AS r
+      SET cells              = jsonb_set_many(r.cells, u.patch::jsonb),
+          updated_at         = now(),
+          last_updated_by_id = coalesce(${opts.actorId ?? null}, r.last_updated_by_id)
+      FROM unnest(${ids}::uuid[], ${patches}::text[]) AS u(row_id, patch)
+      WHERE r.id = u.row_id
+        AND r.base_id = ${opts.baseId}
+        AND r.workspace_id = ${opts.workspaceId}
+        AND r.deleted_at IS NULL
+    `.execute(db);
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-view.repo.ts b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-view.repo.ts
index f936ca7c..0ad04428 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-view.repo.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base-view.repo.ts
@@ -9,57 +9,64 @@ import {
 } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
 import { sql } from 'kysely';
 
+type RepoOpts = { trx?: KyselyTransaction };
+type WorkspaceOpts = { workspaceId: string } & RepoOpts;
+
 @Injectable()
 export class BaseViewRepo {
   constructor(@InjectKysely() private readonly db: KyselyDB) {}
 
   async findById(
     viewId: string,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<BaseView | undefined> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     return db
       .selectFrom('baseViews')
       .selectAll()
       .where('id', '=', viewId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .executeTakeFirst() as Promise<BaseView | undefined>;
   }
 
   async findByBaseId(
     baseId: string,
-    opts?: { trx?: KyselyTransaction },
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<BaseView[]> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     return db
       .selectFrom('baseViews')
       .selectAll()
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .orderBy('position', 'asc')
       .execute() as Promise<BaseView[]>;
   }
 
   async countByBaseId(
     baseId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<number> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     const result = await db
       .selectFrom('baseViews')
       .select((eb) => eb.fn.countAll<number>().as('count'))
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .executeTakeFirstOrThrow();
     return Number(result.count);
   }
 
   async getLastPosition(
     baseId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<string | null> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     const result = await db
       .selectFrom('baseViews')
       .select('position')
       .where('baseId', '=', baseId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .orderBy(sql`position COLLATE "C"`, sql`DESC`)
       .limit(1)
       .executeTakeFirst();
@@ -68,9 +75,9 @@ export class BaseViewRepo {
 
   async insertView(
     view: InsertableBaseView,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts?: RepoOpts,
   ): Promise<BaseView> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts?.trx);
     return db
       .insertInto('baseViews')
       .values(view)
@@ -81,24 +88,26 @@ export class BaseViewRepo {
   async updateView(
     viewId: string,
     data: UpdatableBaseView,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     await db
       .updateTable('baseViews')
       .set({ ...data, updatedAt: new Date() })
       .where('id', '=', viewId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .execute();
   }
 
   async deleteView(
     viewId: string,
-    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+    opts: WorkspaceOpts,
   ): Promise<void> {
-    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, opts.trx);
     await db
       .deleteFrom('baseViews')
       .where('id', '=', viewId)
+      .where('workspaceId', '=', opts.workspaceId)
       .execute();
   }
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base.repo.ts b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base.repo.ts
index 43ecebcf..fe11375f 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base.repo.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/repos/base/base.repo.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from '@docmost/db/types/entity.types';
 import { PaginationOptions } from '@docmost/db/pagination/pagination-options';
 import { executeWithCursorPagination } from '@docmost/db/pagination/cursor-pagination';
-import { ExpressionBuilder } from 'kysely';
+import { ExpressionBuilder, sql } from 'kysely';
 import { DB } from '@docmost/db/types/db';
 import { jsonArrayFrom } from 'kysely/helpers/postgres';
 
@@ -120,6 +120,23 @@ export class BaseRepo {
       .execute();
   }
 
+  async bumpSchemaVersion(
+    baseId: string,
+    trx?: KyselyTransaction,
+  ): Promise<number> {
+    const db = dbOrTx(this.db, trx);
+    const result = await db
+      .updateTable('bases')
+      .set({
+        schemaVersion: sql`schema_version + 1`,
+        updatedAt: new Date(),
+      })
+      .where('id', '=', baseId)
+      .returning('schemaVersion')
+      .executeTakeFirst();
+    return result?.schemaVersion ?? 0;
+  }
+
   private withProperties(eb: ExpressionBuilder<DB, 'bases'>) {
     return jsonArrayFrom(
       eb
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/types/db.d.ts b/apps/server/src/database/types/db.d.ts
index 02d41db5..fc586928 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/types/db.d.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/types/db.d.ts
@@ -434,6 +434,7 @@ export interface Bases {
   createdAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
   updatedAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
   deletedAt: Timestamp | null;
+  schemaVersion: Generated<number>;
 }
 
 export interface BaseProperties {
@@ -443,10 +444,14 @@ export interface BaseProperties {
   type: string;
   position: string;
   typeOptions: Json | null;
+  pendingType: string | null;
+  pendingTypeOptions: Json | null;
   isPrimary: Generated<boolean>;
   workspaceId: string;
   createdAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
   updatedAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
+  schemaVersion: Generated<number>;
+  deletedAt: Timestamp | null;
 }
 
 export interface BaseRows {
@@ -460,6 +465,8 @@ export interface BaseRows {
   createdAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
   updatedAt: Generated<Timestamp>;
   deletedAt: Timestamp | null;
+  searchText: string | null;
+  searchTsv: string | null;
 }
 
 export interface BaseViews {
diff --git a/apps/server/src/database/types/entity.types.ts b/apps/server/src/database/types/entity.types.ts
index 0afd9d59..53076779 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/database/types/entity.types.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/database/types/entity.types.ts
@@ -223,9 +223,18 @@ export type InsertableBaseProperty = Insertable<BaseProperties>;
 export type UpdatableBaseProperty = Updateable<Omit<BaseProperties, 'id'>>;
 
 // Base Row
-export type BaseRow = Selectable<BaseRows>;
-export type InsertableBaseRow = Insertable<BaseRows>;
-export type UpdatableBaseRow = Updateable<Omit<BaseRows, 'id'>>;
+// `searchText` and `searchTsv` are internal fulltext-index columns maintained
+// by a trigger. They are omitted from the public types so they never leak into
+// HTTP responses or write payloads.
+export type BaseRow = Omit<Selectable<BaseRows>, 'searchText' | 'searchTsv'>;
+export type InsertableBaseRow = Omit<
+  Insertable<BaseRows>,
+  'searchText' | 'searchTsv'
+>;
+export type UpdatableBaseRow = Omit<
+  Updateable<Omit<BaseRows, 'id'>>,
+  'searchText' | 'searchTsv'
+>;
 
 // Base View
 export type BaseView = Selectable<BaseViews>;
diff --git a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.constants.ts b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.constants.ts
index c783ec05..5d29b616 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.constants.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.constants.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ export enum QueueName {
   HISTORY_QUEUE = '{history-queue}',
   NOTIFICATION_QUEUE = '{notification-queue}',
   AUDIT_QUEUE = '{audit-queue}',
+  BASE_QUEUE = '{base-queue}',
 }
 
 export enum QueueJob {
@@ -83,4 +84,7 @@ export enum QueueJob {
 
   PDF_EXPORT_TASK = 'pdf-export-task',
   PDF_EXPORT_CLEANUP = 'pdf-export-cleanup',
+
+  BASE_TYPE_CONVERSION = 'base-type-conversion',
+  BASE_CELL_GC = 'base-cell-gc',
 }
diff --git a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface.ts b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface.ts
index 6dea53c3..1b240218 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/constants/queue.interface.ts
@@ -113,3 +113,27 @@ export interface IApprovalRejectedNotificationJob {
   requestedById: string;
   comment?: string;
 }
+
+export interface IBaseTypeConversionJob {
+  baseId: string;
+  propertyId: string;
+  workspaceId: string;
+  fromType: string;
+  toType: string;
+  // Snapshots taken at enqueue time so the job stays correct even if the
+  // property's current typeOptions drift while the job waits in the queue.
+  fromTypeOptions: unknown;
+  toTypeOptions: unknown;
+  // When true, the job nulls the cell values for that property instead of
+  // attempting a value conversion. Used for any conversion where the new
+  // type has no meaningful representation of the old value (e.g. involving
+  // a system type).
+  clearMode: boolean;
+  actorId?: string;
+}
+
+export interface IBaseCellGcJob {
+  baseId: string;
+  propertyId: string;
+  workspaceId: string;
+}
diff --git a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/queue.module.ts b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/queue.module.ts
index a7b83c3f..eeb74cbb 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/queue.module.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/integrations/queue/queue.module.ts
@@ -92,6 +92,14 @@ import { GeneralQueueProcessor } from './processors/general-queue.processor';
         attempts: 3,
       },
     }),
+    BullModule.registerQueue({
+      name: QueueName.BASE_QUEUE,
+      defaultJobOptions: {
+        attempts: 2,
+        removeOnComplete: { count: 200 },
+        removeOnFail: { count: 100 },
+      },
+    }),
   ],
   exports: [BullModule],
   providers: [GeneralQueueProcessor],
diff --git a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.gateway.ts b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.gateway.ts
index fd6810c8..fa36b610 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.gateway.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.gateway.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import {
   MessageBody,
   OnGatewayConnection,
+  OnGatewayDisconnect,
   OnGatewayInit,
   SubscribeMessage,
   WebSocketGateway,
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ import { OnModuleDestroy } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { SpaceMemberRepo } from '@docmost/db/repos/space/space-member.repo';
 import { WsService } from './ws.service';
 import { getSpaceRoomName, getUserRoomName } from './ws.utils';
+import { BaseWsService } from '../core/base/realtime/base-ws.service';
 import * as cookie from 'cookie';
 
 @WebSocketGateway({
@@ -20,7 +22,11 @@ import * as cookie from 'cookie';
   transports: ['websocket'],
 })
 export class WsGateway
-  implements OnGatewayConnection, OnGatewayInit, OnModuleDestroy
+  implements
+    OnGatewayConnection,
+    OnGatewayDisconnect,
+    OnGatewayInit,
+    OnModuleDestroy
 {
   @WebSocketServer()
   server: Server;
@@ -29,10 +35,12 @@ export class WsGateway
     private tokenService: TokenService,
     private spaceMemberRepo: SpaceMemberRepo,
     private wsService: WsService,
+    private baseWsService: BaseWsService,
   ) {}
 
   afterInit(server: Server): void {
     this.wsService.setServer(server);
+    this.baseWsService.setServer(server);
   }
 
   async handleConnection(client: Socket, ...args: any[]): Promise<void> {
@@ -47,6 +55,7 @@ export class WsGateway
       const workspaceId = token.workspaceId;
 
       client.data.userId = userId;
+      client.data.workspaceId = workspaceId;
 
       const userSpaceIds = await this.spaceMemberRepo.getUserSpaceIds(userId);
 
@@ -61,10 +70,19 @@ export class WsGateway
     }
   }
 
+  async handleDisconnect(client: Socket): Promise<void> {
+    await this.baseWsService.handleDisconnect(client);
+  }
+
   @SubscribeMessage('message')
   async handleMessage(client: Socket, data: any): Promise<void> {
     if (this.wsService.isTreeEvent(data)) {
       await this.wsService.handleTreeEvent(client, data);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (this.baseWsService.isBaseEvent(data)) {
+      await this.baseWsService.handleInbound(client, data);
+      return;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.module.ts b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.module.ts
index d19e6076..f7b35f19 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.module.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.module.ts
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ import { WsGateway } from './ws.gateway';
 import { WsService } from './ws.service';
 import { WsTreeService } from './ws-tree.service';
 import { TokenModule } from '../core/auth/token.module';
+import { BaseModule } from '../core/base/base.module';
 
 @Global()
 @Module({
-  imports: [TokenModule],
+  imports: [TokenModule, BaseModule],
   providers: [WsGateway, WsService, WsTreeService],
   exports: [WsGateway, WsService, WsTreeService],
 })
diff --git a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.utils.ts b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.utils.ts
index c0d48b54..9db022ff 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/ws/ws.utils.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/ws/ws.utils.ts
@@ -16,3 +16,14 @@ export const TREE_EVENTS = new Set([
   'deleteTreeNode',
   'refetchRootTreeNodeEvent',
 ]);
+
+export function getBaseRoomName(baseId: string): string {
+  return `base-${baseId}`;
+}
+
+export const BASE_INBOUND_EVENTS = new Set([
+  'base:subscribe',
+  'base:unsubscribe',
+  'base:presence',
+  'base:presence:leave',
+]);